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Pollen-parent effects on protein quality and endosperm modification of quality protein maize

By: Contributor(s): Material type: ArticleArticleLanguage: En Publication details: 1994ISSN:
  • 1435-0653 (Revista en electrónico)
Subject(s): In: Crop Science v. 34, no. 2, p. 404-409Summary: Quality protein maize (QPM) has protein of high nutritional value, conferred by the opaque-2 (o2) gene, and vitreous endosperm due to the action of numerous modifier genes. Superior protein quality is only expressed when endosperm tissue is homozygous recessive (o2o2). During QPM research and development, it is common to evaluate trials in which QPM genotypes randomly interpollinate, and it is not known if protein quality determinations for entries in such trials are valid measures of what would be expressed in a pure stand. In this study, nine QPM and three o2 (unmodified, soft endosperm) cultivars were grown as females in trials using six pollen treatments in 3 environments: Poza Rica and Tlaltizapan, Mexico during summer 1991 and Tlaltizapan in winter 1991-92. The pollen treatments were four QPM hybrids, one normal-endosperm maize cultivar, and self-pollination. The effect of pollen source on protein and tryptophan concentration in the grain, tryptophan concentration in the protein, and endosperm modification (translucency) were evaluated. Pollen of normal-endosperm maize reduced tryptophan in the grain by 37% and in the protein by 38%, but improved endosperm modification of QPM females by 36% relative to pollen of QPM males. Pollen of normal-endosperm maize and QPM did not differ in effect on protein concentration in the grain. Protein quality traits did not differ for QPM cultivars pollinated by self or by other QPM males. Grains were slightly more vitreous, however, for females pollinated by other QPM males than for those that were self-pollinated. The effects of females were significant (P < 0.01), but the interaction of males x females not significant, for QPM entries for all traits. It is concluded that it is valid to evaluate QPM germplasm in trials where entries randomly interpollinate, provided that pollen of normal-endosperm maize is excluded
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Peer-review: Yes - Open Access: Yes|http://science.thomsonreuters.com/cgi-bin/jrnlst/jlresults.cgi?PC=MASTER&ISSN=0011-183X

Quality protein maize (QPM) has protein of high nutritional value, conferred by the opaque-2 (o2) gene, and vitreous endosperm due to the action of numerous modifier genes. Superior protein quality is only expressed when endosperm tissue is homozygous recessive (o2o2). During QPM research and development, it is common to evaluate trials in which QPM genotypes randomly interpollinate, and it is not known if protein quality determinations for entries in such trials are valid measures of what would be expressed in a pure stand. In this study, nine QPM and three o2 (unmodified, soft endosperm) cultivars were grown as females in trials using six pollen treatments in 3 environments: Poza Rica and Tlaltizapan, Mexico during summer 1991 and Tlaltizapan in winter 1991-92. The pollen treatments were four QPM hybrids, one normal-endosperm maize cultivar, and self-pollination. The effect of pollen source on protein and tryptophan concentration in the grain, tryptophan concentration in the protein, and endosperm modification (translucency) were evaluated. Pollen of normal-endosperm maize reduced tryptophan in the grain by 37% and in the protein by 38%, but improved endosperm modification of QPM females by 36% relative to pollen of QPM males. Pollen of normal-endosperm maize and QPM did not differ in effect on protein concentration in the grain. Protein quality traits did not differ for QPM cultivars pollinated by self or by other QPM males. Grains were slightly more vitreous, however, for females pollinated by other QPM males than for those that were self-pollinated. The effects of females were significant (P < 0.01), but the interaction of males x females not significant, for QPM entries for all traits. It is concluded that it is valid to evaluate QPM germplasm in trials where entries randomly interpollinate, provided that pollen of normal-endosperm maize is excluded

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R94ANALY|Crop Science Society of America (CSSA)|MP|1

INT1617

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