Abstract only

Technologies of soil erosion control include the complex of anti-erosion techniques involving as the common methods of agricultural practice such as hillside cultivation, so the special soil conservation measures aimed at the control of water drainage. Moisture retention contributes to the control of erosion and consequently facilitates increase of the cereal crop productivity. Among the land treatment methods of soil protection the crosswise late-fall plowing of the cultivated slopes is the one of the most effective measures for the retention of surface water. For example, on 6-14° slopes application of the above method provided for the retention of 70- 90% of rainfall and contributed to the considerable increase of yield of cereal and food legume crops (maize, haricot and soybeans). On steeper slopes (14- 16 O) introduction of the water-detention furrows and deepening of the topsoil are prescribed. In east Georgian hillside cultivation areas about 5m, 5-10m, 15-20m and 25-30m distances between the water determination furrows are recommended for 12°- 15°, 8°- 12°, 5°-8° and <5° slopes, respectively. When at hoed crop is drill seeded on a small plant with slope over 15°,2-3 m buffer rows of dense-planted small grain cross (wheat, rye and barley or perennial crop) are introduced. Such buffer rows reduce solid flow 2,5 times and increase maize yield by 2-2,5 c/ ha.

English

0409|AGRIS 0401|AL-Wheat Program

Juan Carlos Mendieta

CIMMYT Publications Collection