Abstract only

In suburban zones of the big cities such as Tbilisi, the grain crop production area is limited. Therefore all crop management practices (including soil fertility management through applications of the organic and mineral fertilizers) that can contribute to yield increase are of great interest. Our research was conducted in the suburban area of Tbilisi on two soil types: carbonate chemozems (village Sartichala) and grey-carbonate soils (village Ponichala). It should be mentioned that natural fertility of these soils cannot provide for high yield of cereals. Winter wheat variety Kavkaz was used in the study. Manure was applied separately and mixed with mineral fertilizers. Based on the study data the following conclusions were made. On chemozem soils the highest average grain yield of winter wheat (4.16 t/ha) was produced when mixed fertilizers were applied at the rate of 40t/ ha+N45P 45K30. The yield surptus compared to the yield value of the check was equal to 2.66 t/ha or 56%. Use of the higher rates was less effective. Quality improvement was also observed. The following values were recorded for raw protein, gluten, starch, vitreousness and total flour output: 12.2%,32.6%,65%,77% and 73%, respectively. Yield of grain and straw removes as much as 142 kg/ha of nitrogen from soil. About 55.4 and 84.8 kg/ ha of phosphorus and potassium, respectively, were removed from soil by wheat crop as well. On grey-brown soils the highest average grain yield (3.77 t/ha) was produced when mixed fertilizers were applied at the rate of 60t/ha+N45P 45K30. The yield surplus compared to the check was equal to 2.32 t/ha. Improvement of grain quality was also observed. The study data suggests that the recommended rates of the mixed organic and mineral fertilizer rates can be widely used in production of winter wheat.

English

0409|AGRIS 0401|AL-Wheat Program

Juan Carlos Mendieta

CIMMYT Publications Collection