Supporting the hybrid maize breeding research in Thailand
Material type:
TextPublication details: Los Baños, Laguna (Philippines) PCARRD : 2000Description: p. 82-91Subject(s): Summary: Hybrid maize breeding in Thailand has been developed very rapidly during the past two decades. Kasetsart University and the Department of Agriculture are the key public sector working on hybrid maize breeding in Thailand. Elite maize germplasm from both institutions have been distributed to the private seed companies for using in their breeding programs. The Kasetsart University's advanced populations improved by SI recurrent selection, i.e., Suwan I, Suwan 2, Suwan 3, Suwan 5, etc. have contributed to their hybrid breeding programs. During 1982-97, 46 Kasetsart inbreds (Ki) developed from several sources of germplasm were released to public and private sectors. The Department of Agriculture has served for testing of pre-commercial hybrids from the public and private sectors in its experiment research stations. The on-farm research project of Kasetsart University supported testing their pre-commercial hybrids in farmers' fields in maize growing areas. The important collaborative research between the public and private sectors is the Cooperative Hybrid Yield Trial. The objective of this research is to evaluate the progress in yield improvement of their elite maize hybrids. In each year the trial was composed of three high-yielding hybrids from each of Kasetsart University, the Department of Agriculture, and five to six private seed companies. The trials were conducted at their seven to nine experiment stations including Chiangmai and Maejo Universities. Four check varieties were included in the trials, i.e., Suwan 1 (open-pollinated variety), a commercial hybrid from Kasetsart University, the best-selling hybrid, and the last year's top yielder. Yield data from 10 years (1987-96) were combined and analyzed. The highest yielders (average yields, % over Suwan I) in each year were CGX 14423 (7,113 kg/ha, 40.0%) in 1987, CARG 333 (7,768 kg/ha, 35.0%) in 1988, DK 888 (8,434 kg/ha, 28.1%) in 1989, CARG 733B (8,240 kg/ha, 30.1%) in 1990, Suwan 3504 (8,726 kg/ha, 33.3%) in 1991, CARG 922 (8,824 kg/ha, 38.6%) in 1992, Suwan 3601 (9,081 kg/ha, 55.1%) in 1993, KSX 3751 (9,598 kg/ha, 41.7%) in 1994, Suwan 3851 (9,532 kg/ha, 61.0%) in 1995, and Suwan 3853 (9,990 kg/ha, 41.9%) in 1996. Only in 1987-88 the top yielders were three-way crosses, however, during 1989-96 they were single crosses. Most of them are used as commercial hybrids, and some hybrids are still popular with Thai farmers. The results revealed the potential and progress in hybrid maize breeding for yield in Thailand. From the very strong cooperation between the private and public sectors, Thai farmers have the good chance to select the best and new maize hybrids for growing in each year.
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Hybrid maize breeding in Thailand has been developed very rapidly during the past two decades. Kasetsart University and the Department of Agriculture are the key public sector working on hybrid maize breeding in Thailand. Elite maize germplasm from both institutions have been distributed to the private seed companies for using in their breeding programs. The Kasetsart University's advanced populations improved by SI recurrent selection, i.e., Suwan I, Suwan 2, Suwan 3, Suwan 5, etc. have contributed to their hybrid breeding programs. During 1982-97, 46 Kasetsart inbreds (Ki) developed from several sources of germplasm were released to public and private sectors. The Department of Agriculture has served for testing of pre-commercial hybrids from the public and private sectors in its experiment research stations. The on-farm research project of Kasetsart University supported testing their pre-commercial hybrids in farmers' fields in maize growing areas. The important collaborative research between the public and private sectors is the Cooperative Hybrid Yield Trial. The objective of this research is to evaluate the progress in yield improvement of their elite maize hybrids. In each year the trial was composed of three high-yielding hybrids from each of Kasetsart University, the Department of Agriculture, and five to six private seed companies. The trials were conducted at their seven to nine experiment stations including Chiangmai and Maejo Universities. Four check varieties were included in the trials, i.e., Suwan 1 (open-pollinated variety), a commercial hybrid from Kasetsart University, the best-selling hybrid, and the last year's top yielder. Yield data from 10 years (1987-96) were combined and analyzed. The highest yielders (average yields, % over Suwan I) in each year were CGX 14423 (7,113 kg/ha, 40.0%) in 1987, CARG 333 (7,768 kg/ha, 35.0%) in 1988, DK 888 (8,434 kg/ha, 28.1%) in 1989, CARG 733B (8,240 kg/ha, 30.1%) in 1990, Suwan 3504 (8,726 kg/ha, 33.3%) in 1991, CARG 922 (8,824 kg/ha, 38.6%) in 1992, Suwan 3601 (9,081 kg/ha, 55.1%) in 1993, KSX 3751 (9,598 kg/ha, 41.7%) in 1994, Suwan 3851 (9,532 kg/ha, 61.0%) in 1995, and Suwan 3853 (9,990 kg/ha, 41.9%) in 1996. Only in 1987-88 the top yielders were three-way crosses, however, during 1989-96 they were single crosses. Most of them are used as commercial hybrids, and some hybrids are still popular with Thai farmers. The results revealed the potential and progress in hybrid maize breeding for yield in Thailand. From the very strong cooperation between the private and public sectors, Thai farmers have the good chance to select the best and new maize hybrids for growing in each year.
English
0208|AGRIS 0201|AL-Maize Program|R01PROCE
Juan Carlos Mendieta
CIMMYT Publications Collection