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040			_aMX-TxCIM
072		0	_aE16
072		0	_aH60
082	0	4	_a338.16 _bFRI
100	1		_aGatsi, T. _uIntegrated Approaches to Higher Maize Productivity in the New Millennium
110	0		_aCentro Internacional de Mejoramiento de Maiz y Trigo (CIMMYT) Kenya
111	2		_a7. Proceedings of the Eastern and Southern Africa Regional Maize Conference _cNairobi (Kenya) _d5-11 Feb 2002
245	0	0	_aEconomics of integrated tillage and weed control parctices on maize-based systems in the smallholder farming sector of Zimbabwe
260			_aNairobi (Kenya) _bKARI|CIMMYT : _c2002
300			_ap. 491-494
340			_aPrinted
520			_aSmallholder farmers in Zimbabwe rely heavily on draught animal power and ox-drawn mouldboard ploughs for primary tillage and crop establishment. Reduced tillage studies in the past have proved that it is a viable option, which ensures early planting and has less draught animal power demand. Work conducted in two communal areas of Zimbabwe (Chihota, and Tsholotsho) showed that labour can be significantly reduced by the use of half the recommended rates of atrazine (herbicide used in maize) either banded (applying herbicide close to the maize) or full cover. The objective of this paper is to analyse the profitability of tillage and weed control practices in smallholder farms. Using two seasons' data, gross margin analysis showed there were higher returns to cash expenditure ranging from 1.08 to about 2.65 per dollar invested for the reduced tillage and banded atrazine treatments in the three sites. In Tsholotsho, which is a drier area, reduced tillage and either mechanical or use of atrazine banded was more profitable with returns to cash expenditure of Z$2.79 and Z$ 2.65 per Z$ invested, respectively. In Chihota, a relatively wetter area, reduced tillage and banding atrazine in combination with mechanical weeding was more profitable with returns of Z$ 2.05 and Z$ 1.97, respectively. It might be worthwhile for farmers in the two areas to use reduced tillage with mechanical, atrazine or manual weeding depending on their resources.
546			_aEnglish
591			_a0410|AGRIS 0401|AL-Maize Program
593			_aJuan Carlos Mendieta
595			_aCPC
650	1	0	_aAgricultural economics
650	1	7	_aCropping systems _gAGROVOC _2 _91068
650	1	0	_aFarmers _gAGROVOC _91654
650	1	7	_aMaize _gAGROVOC _2 _91173
650	1	0	_aSeed production _91253
650	1	7	_aSmall farms _gAGROVOC _2 _91260
650	1	7	_aWeed control _gAGROVOC _2 _91308
650	1	0	_aZimbabwe
653	0		_aCIMMYT
653	0		_aKARI
650	1	0	_91832 _aTillage _gAGROVOC
650	1	0	_91109 _aFarming systems _gAGROVOC
700	1		_aFriesen, D.K.|Palmer, A.F.E. _eeds.
700	1		_aKanyungwe, K., _ecoaut.
700	1		_aMabasa, S., _ecoaut.
700	1		_aMakanganise, A., _ecoaut.
942			_cBK
999			_c7415 _d7415