000			03323nam a22005537a 4500
001			G80092
003			MX-TxCIM
005			20220104230314.0
008			121211s ||||f| 0 p|p||0|| |
020			_a970-648-120-6
040			_aMX-TxCIM
072		0	_aF01
072		0	_aH10
090			_aCIS-4168
110	0		_aCentro Internacional de Mejoramiento de Maiz y Trigo (CIMMYT) Kenya
100	1		_aMugo, S.N. _gFormerly Global Maize Program _8INT2460 _9840
245	0	0	_aScreening cry proteins produced by Bt maize leaves for activity against kenyan maize stem borers
260			_aNairobi (Kenya) _bKARI|CIMMYT : _c2002
300			_ap. 102-105
340			_aPrinted
520			_aLepidopteran stem borers infest up to 87% of maize growing areas in Kenya causing grain yield loss of 15% annually. The Bt technology for maize that utilizes genes that encode delta-endotoxins; proteins derived from the soil bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) has been developed. The Bt toxins protect the plants against the pests but are harmless to humans, animals, and most other insects. Transfer of Bt based resistance to adapted maize germplasm in Kenya is being pursued. A permit to introduce leaves from maize transformed with Bt genes was issued by the Kenya National Biosafety Committee. Bioassays were carried out to identify the effective Bt genes against five Kenyan stem borers: Chilo partellus, Chilo orichalcocliellus, Busseola fusca, Eldana saccharina, and Sesamia calamistis. The cry l Ab protein was the most active against all species as shown by the least area of leaves consumed and by the high percentage of larvae that were killed. Chilo partellus was affected by all cry proteins, except cry l E. Eldana saccharina was the least affected by any cry protein. Chilo orichalcocliellus was most affected by cry l Ab and cry l B proteins. Sesamia calamistis was affected by cry l Ab and cry l Ab-l B proteins. CrylE protein was not active against any species. The tested Bt cry proteins were not effective in the control of B. fusca. Perhaps a cocktail of 2-3 cry of those proteins being expressed at high levels or other Bt cry proteins like crylC may show control. These results also indicate the specificity of Bt toxins even among lepidopteran stem borers. A prospective control has therefore, been identified for the most destructive borer ,C. partellus which is also the most widely distributed in Kenya.
536			_aGlobal Maize Program
546			_aEnglish
591			_a0409|AGRIS 0401|AL-Maize Program
593			_aJuan Carlos Mendieta
594			_aINT2460
595			_aCSC
650	1	0	_aBacillus thuringiensis
650	1	7	_aGermplasm _gAGROVOC _2 _91136
650	1	0	_aKenya _91167
650	1	0	_aLeaves
650	1	7	_aMaize _gAGROVOC _2 _91173
650	1	0	_aProtein content _91222
650	1	0	_aStem borer
650	1	0	_aTechnology _gAGROVOC _91988
650	1	0	_aYield factors
653	0		_aCIMMYT
653	0		_aKARI
700	1		_aBergvinson, D.J., _ecoaut.
700	1		_aFriesen, D.K.|Palmer, A.F.E.
700	1		_aGethi, M., _ecoaut.
700	1		_aHoisington, D.A., _ecoaut.
700	1		_aMcLean, S., _ecoaut.
700	1		_aNgatia, I., _ecoaut.
700	1		_aOdhiambo, B., _ecoaut.
700	1		_aSonga, J., _ecoaut.
700	1		_aTaracha, C., _ecoaut.
942			_cPRO
999			_c7327 _d7327