000			04003nam a22004097a 4500
001			G80069
003			MX-TxCIM
005			20211006081151.0
008			121211s ||||f| 0 p|p||0|| |
040			_aMX-TxCIM
072		0	_aE16
072		0	_aF03
082	0	4	_a633.1147 _bBED
100	1		_aIsmailov, I. _uInternational caucasian conference on cereals and food legumes. Abstracts
110	0		_aCentro Internacional de Mejoramiento de Maiz y Trigo (CIMMYT) _9978
111	2		_cTbilisi (Georgia) _d14-17 Jun 2004
245	0	0	_aLoss accounting in forecasting yield of cereal crops
260			_aTbilisi (Georgia) _bCIMMYT : _c2004
300			_ap. 423-424
340			_aPrinted
500			_aAbstract only
520			_aAgricultural production volume should correspond to the possibility of its realization, i.e. be deterrnined by demand. .{). ¿ ¿p (1), where W and S p are the production volume and demand in the planned year. The yield loss issue is a significant problem of the agrarian sector. Yield losses encompass all the technological cycle of crop production and are associated with essential damages to the producer. Therefore, in forecasting the production volume, losses should be accounted at every stage of pro- duction. The following requirements should be met in forecasting the production output: F.U=¿T.N.lj (2), Where f is the grain crop area, ha; u is yield, t/ha; t is the number of grain consumers, standard unit (su); n is the average annual rate of consumption, t/su; i is the indicator of an item of losses in the cycle "production-sale":j = 1.2. n. Grain losses may be grouped by their causes as follows: production technology violations or losses of the biological yield; imperfection of the machinery used in grain crop management; uncoordinated activities of producers and processing industries; natural losses. The planted area, given the losses, may be expressed by the following equation: Fyo =fr-1T.N.IEiu,iy,imp,ino,ic,ixp,i3,iucj (3) Where iu is the ratio accounting for biological yield losses; i y is the ratio accounting for losses at harvesting; imp is the ratio of losses at loading/ unloading, transportation and packing; i no is the ratio of the pre-processing damage; ic -the ratio of losses at drying; ixp- the ratio of product losses at storage; 13 -the ratio of a share of the given pro- duct's reserve ( i 3 > 1 ); i uc -the ratio of pro- duct losses upon utilization, i.e. Upon storage, sale, etc. As a result of the logical and theoretical analysis, it may be concluded that in forecasting cereal yields an account of product losses in all the above categories should also be made in addition to the direct consumption. Thus, the forecasted area of an agricultural crop with regard to the above- said shall be: r Fn =Fy()+¿fj (4) Where S f is the area accounting for all category yield losses. To reduce grain yield losses, the following scope of measures should be considered: .The measures directed at elimination production technology violations or biological yield losses through careful compliance with all crop management practices and dates; .Increasing production of grain crops by utilizing high-yielding varieties adapted to the environment; .Improving machinery used in grain growing; .Ensuring coordination between the producers and processing industries by elaborating and organizing effective pattems of utilizing farm machinery and technical maintenance services; .Reducing natural losses through elaboration and introduction of novel progressive storage technologies.
546			_aEnglish
591			_a0409|AGRIS 0401|AL-Wheat Program
593			_aJuan Carlos Mendieta
595			_aCPC
650	1	0	_91023 _aBiology _gAGROVOC
650	1	7	_aCrop yield _gAGROVOC _2 _91066
650	1	0	_aSeed production _91253
650	1	0	_aTechnology _gAGROVOC _91988
650	1	7	_aVarieties _gAGROVOC _2 _91303
650	1	0	_aWheat
653	0		_aCIMMYT
650	1	0	_91151 _aHybrids _gAGROVOC
700	1		_aBedoshvili, D. _eed.
942			_cPRO
999			_c7312 _d7312