000			03566nab a22004217a 4500
001			68889
003			MX-TxCIM
005			20250620153433.0
008			250604s2024 ne |||p|op||| 00| 0 eng d
022			_a0167-1987
022			_a1879-3444 (Online)
024	8		_ahttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2024.106073
040			_aMX-TxCIM
041			_aeng
100	0		_aAqeel Ahmad _939053
245	1	0	_aLong-term raw crop residue but not burned residue incorporation improved soil multifunctionality in semi-arid agroecosystems
260			_aAmsterdam (Netherlands) : _bElsevier, _c2024.
500			_aPeer review
520			_aGlobally, topsoil in most agroecosystems is being increasingly eroded by intensive land use practices. In semi-arid regions, restoring topsoil is particularly an important cue to optimize soil multifunctionality, as the loss of soil organic carbon (SOC) is often accompanied by the loss of soil fertility. Here, we test the additive effects of different crop residue incorporation regimes on topsoil multifunctionality in a decade long field experiment on a maize-maize-potato cropping system. In each year, crop residues of a double maize rotation (Spring-Summer) were exposed to three contrasting managements, i.e., no residue incorporation (NRI), burnt residue incorporation (BRI) and raw residue incorporation (RRI), before planting a potato crop in the Fall. Our results showed a proportional increase in SOC stocks of up to 49–69% for RRI compared to BRI and NRI, respectively. Similarly, RRI also contributed to greater qualitative C stocks, such as particulate (PAOC) by 74–86% and mineral (MAOC) associated organic carbon by 63–107% than BRI and RRI. In contrast, BRI showed no discernible change in organic C stocks, but a significant destabilizing effect on soil pH, electrical conductivity (EC), and bulk density (BD). The water extractable organic carbon (WEOC) and the C-lability index were significantly reduced in BRI plots and consequently curtailed soil microbial activity and microbial biomass synthesis. Interestingly, BRI showed a decrease in P-acquiring enzymes compared to C- and N-cycling enzymes, possibly reflecting the different demand of soil microbes for different nutrients. In contrast, an ensured availability of C substrate by RRI significantly increased the population of cultivable microflora (e.g., bacteria, fungi, actinomycetes). Above all, RRI was very effective in improving soil ecosystem multifunctionality, as evidenced by improved soil structural stability due to greater C accumulation and stabilization, resulting in enhanced NPK availability, although the low soil structural stability index (SSI ≤ 3%) still highlights the pervasive risk of land degradation.
546			_aText in English
650		7	_aLand degradation _2AGROVOC _912025
650		7	_aOrganic amendments _2AGROVOC _921554
650		7	_aConservation agriculture _2AGROVOC _92619
650		7	_aSoil biology _2AGROVOC _910771
650		7	_aSoil Organic Carbon _2AGROVOC _99067
650		7	_aSemi-arid zones _2AGROVOC _934102
650		7	_aAgroecosystems _2AGROVOC _96058
700	0		_aMuhammad Saleem Arif _939054
700	0		_aSher Muhammad Shahzad _939055
700	1		_aYasmeen, T. _96716
700	1		_aShakoor, A. _939057
700	0		_aShahid Iqbal _94714
700	1		_aRiaz, A. _939061
700	0		_aAnjum Zahid _939063
700	1		_aChapman, S.J. _939064
773	0		_dAmsterdam (Netherlands) : Elsevier, 2024. _gv. 240, art. 106073 _tSoil and Tillage Research _wG444738 _x0167-1987
942			_2ddc _cJA _n0
999			_c68889 _d68881