000			04641nab|a22004937a|4500
001			67562
003			MX-TxCIM
005			20241126085005.0
008			202412s2024||||mx |||p|op||||00||0|eng|d
022			_a2045-2322 (Online)
024	8		_ahttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-60853-6
040			_aMX-TxCIM
041			_aeng
100	1		_aGerard, G.S. _81713398 _gGlobal Wheat Program _911490
245	1	0	_aEnhanced radiation use efficiency and grain filling rate as the main drivers of grain yield genetic gains in the CIMMYT elite spring wheat yield trial
260			_bNature Publishing Group, _c2024. _aLondon (United Kingdom) :
500			_aPeer review
500			_aOpen Access
520			_aCommon wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is a major staple food crop, providing a fifth of food calories and proteins to the world’s human population. Despite the impressive growth in global wheat production in recent decades, further increases in grain yield are required to meet future demands. Here we estimated genetic gain and genotype stability for grain yield (GY) and determined the trait associations that contributed uniquely or in combination to increased GY, through a retrospective analysis of top-performing genotypes selected from the elite spring wheat yield trial (ESWYT) evaluated internationally during a 14-year period (2003 to 2016). Fifty-six ESWYT genotypes and four checks were sown under optimally irrigated conditions in three phenotyping trials during three consecutive growing seasons (2018–2019 to 2020–2021) at Norman E. Borlaug Research Station, Ciudad Obregon, Mexico. The mean GY rose from 6.75 (24th ESWYT) to 7.87 t ha−1 (37th ESWYT), representing a cumulative increase of 1.12 t ha−1. The annual genetic gain for GY was estimated at 0.96% (65 kg ha−1 year−1) accompanied by a positive trend in genotype stability over time. The GY progress was mainly associated with increases in biomass (BM), grain filling rate (GFR), total radiation use efficiency (RUE_total), grain weight per spike (GWS), and reduction in days to heading (DTH), which together explained 95.5% of the GY variation. Regression lines over the years showed significant increases of 0.015 kg m−2 year−1 (p < 0.01), 0.074 g m−2 year−1 (p < 0.05), and 0.017 g MJ−1 year−1 (p < 0.001) for BM, GFR, and RUE_total, respectively. Grain weight per spike exhibited a positive but no significant trend (0.014 g year−1, p = 0.07), whereas a negative tendency for DTH was observed (− 0.43 days year−1, p < 0.001). Analysis of the top ten highest-yielding genotypes revealed differential GY-associated trait contributions, demonstrating that improved GY can be attained through different mechanisms and indicating that no single trait criterion is adopted by CIMMYT breeders for developing new superior lines. We conclude that CIMMYT’s Bread Wheat Breeding Program has continued to deliver adapted and more productive wheat genotypes to National partners worldwide, mainly driven by enhancing RUE_total and GFR and that future yield increases could be achieved by intercrossing genetically diverse top performer genotypes.
546			_aText in English
610	2	7	_aCentro Internacional de Mejoramiento de Maiz y Trigo (CIMMYT) _9978
650		7	_aTriticum aestivum _2AGROVOC _91296
650		7	_aGrain _2AGROVOC _91138
650		7	_aYields _2AGROVOC _91313
650		7	_aGenetic gain _2AGROVOC _92091
650		7	_aField Experimentation _2AGROVOC _98629
650		7	_aData analysis _2AGROVOC _94371
650		7	_aWeather _2AGROVOC _92251
700	1		_aMondal, S. _9904
700	1		_aPiñera Chavez, F.J. _8N1707052 _gGlobal Wheat Program _91901
700	1		_aRivera Amado, A.C. _8N1313814 _gGlobal Wheat Program _91903
700	1		_aMolero, G. _9899
700	1		_aCrossa, J. _gGenetic Resources Program _8CCJL01 _959
700	1		_aHuerta-Espino, J. _gGlobal Wheat Program _8CHUE01 _9397
700	1		_aVelu, G. _gGlobal Wheat Program _8INT2983 _9880
700	1		_aBraun, H.J. _gFormerly Global Wheat Program _8INT0599 _9824
700	1		_aSingh, R.P. _gGlobal Wheat Program _8INT0610 _9825
700	1		_aCrespo-Herrera, L.A. _gGlobal Wheat Program _8I1706538 _92608
773	0		_tScientific Reports _gv. 14, no. 1, art. 10975 _dLondon (United Kingdom) : Nature Publishing Group, 2024. _wa58025 _x2045-2322
856	4		_yOpen Access through DSpace _uhttps://hdl.handle.net/10883/34560
942			_cJA _n0 _2ddc
999			_c67562 _d67554