000			03331nab|a22004217a|4500
001			65978
003			MX-TxCIM
005			20230803173805.0
008			202211s2022||||mx |||p|op||||00||0|eng|d
022			_a0032-0889
022			_a1532-2548 (Online)
024	8		_ahttps://doi.org/10.1093/plphys/kiac544
040			_aMX-TxCIM
041			_aeng
100	1		_aWittern, L. _929817
245	1	0	_aWheat EARLY FLOWERING 3 affects heading date without disrupting circadian oscillations
260			_bAmerican Society of Plant Biologists, _c2023. _aUSA :
500			_aPeer review
500			_aOpen Access
520			_aPlant breeders have indirectly selected for variation at circadian-associated loci in many of the world's major crops, when breeding to increase yield and improve crop performance. Using an eight-parent Multiparent Advanced Generation Inter-Cross (MAGIC) population, we investigated how variation in circadian clock-associated genes contributes to the regulation of heading date in UK and European winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) varieties. We identified homoeologues of EARLY FLOWERING 3 (ELF3) as candidates for the Earliness per se (Eps) D1 and B1 loci under field conditions. We then confirmed a single-nucleotide polymorphism within the coding region of TaELF3-B1 as a candidate polymorphism underlying the Eps-B1 locus. We found that a reported deletion at the Eps-D1 locus encompassing TaELF3-D1 is, instead, an allele that lies within an introgression region containing an inversion relative to the Chinese Spring D genome. Using Triticum turgidum cv. Kronos carrying loss-of-function alleles of TtELF3, we showed that ELF3 regulates heading, with loss of a single ELF3 homoeologue sufficient to alter heading date. These studies demonstrated that ELF3 forms part of the circadian oscillator; however, the loss of all homoeologues was required to affect circadian rhythms. Similarly, loss of functional LUX ARRHYTHMO (LUX) in T. aestivum, an orthologue of a protein partner of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) ELF3, severely disrupted circadian rhythms. ELF3 and LUX transcripts are not co-expressed at dusk, suggesting that the structure of the wheat circadian oscillator might differ from that of Arabidopsis. Our demonstration that alterations to ELF3 homoeologues can affect heading date separately from effects on the circadian oscillator suggests a role for ELF3 in cereal photoperiodic responses that could be selected for without pleiotropic deleterious alterations to circadian rhythms.
546			_aText in English
591			_aGardner, K.A. : No CIMMYT Affiliation
650		7	_aWheat _2AGROVOC _91310
650		7	_aFlowering _2AGROVOC _93729
650		7	_aHeading _2AGROVOC _911190
650		7	_aSingle nucleotide polymorphisms _910805 _2AGROVOC
650		7	_aCircadian rhythm _2AGROVOC _915652
700	1		_aSteed, G. _929818
700	1		_aTaylor. L.J. _929819
700	1		_aCano Ramirez, D. _929820
700	1		_aPingarron-Cardenas, G. _929821
700	1		_aGardner, K.A. _8001712617 _gGenetic Resources Program _917393
700	1		_aGreenland, A. _923842
700	1		_aHannah, M.A. _929822
700	1		_aWebb, A.A.R. _929823
773	0		_tPlant Physiology _gv. 191, no. 2, p. 1383–1403 _dUSA : American Society of Plant Biologists, 2023. _x0032-0889
942			_cJA _n0 _2ddc
999			_c65978 _d65970