000			02626nab|a22003617a|4500
001			64789
003			MX-TxCIM
005			20230413223920.0
008			202101s2021||||xxk|||p|op||||00||0|eng|d
022			_a0303-1853
022			_a2078-0400 (Online)
024	8		_ahttps://doi.org/10.1080/03031853.2021.1984958
040			_aMX-TxCIM
041			_aeng
100	1		_aBanchayehu Tessema Assefa _911083
245	1	0	_aFarm- and community-level factors underlying the profitability of fertiliser usage for Ethiopian smallholder farmers
260			_aUnited Kingdom : _bTaylor and Francis, _c2021.
500			_aPeer review
500			_aOpen Access
520			_aWhile adoption rates for inorganic fertiliser are relatively high in Ethiopia, application rates are generally considered agronomically suboptimal. Using recent data on Ethiopian smallholder maize producers, we showed that maize response to nitrogen, and the profitability of fertiliser use depended on maize agronomy. The agronomic optimum ranged from 0 to 344 kg/ha with a mean value of 209 kg/ha. The actual nitrogen application rates were only about half the agronomic optimum, on average, and were less than the farm-specific economic optimum on 80% of maize fields. The average economic optimum level was 145 kg N/ha, but when we account for risk aversion, the resulting average optimum level is very close to the average observed usage level of 88 kg N/ha. Addressing risk aversion may help to induce greater levels of fertiliser investments at current prices and yield response rates. Our analysis also suggests that key pathways for increasing the economic returns to smallholder fertiliser investments include: complementing nitrogen inputs with phosphorus inputs and improved varieties, using lower levels of nitrogen under intercropping and manure inputs, enabling farmers to delay output sales beyond the immediate post-harvest period, and lowering the costs of accessing input and output markets.
546			_aText in English
650		7	_aMaize _91173 _2AGROVOC
650		7	_aFertilizers _91111 _2AGROVOC
650		7	_aProfitability _98416 _2AGROVOC
650		7	_aIntensification _91957 _2AGROVOC
651		7	_2AGROVOC _92025 _aEthiopia
700	1		_aReidsma, P. _99321
700	1		_aChamberlin, J. _gFormerly Socioeconomics Program _gSustainable Agrifood Systems _8I1706801 _92871
700	1		_avan Ittersum, M.K. _93944
773	0		_tAgrekon _dUnited Kingdom : Taylor and Francis, 2021. _x0303-1853 _gv. 60, no. 4, p. 460-479
856	4		_yOpen Access through DSpace _uhttps://hdl.handle.net/10883/21791
942			_cJA _n0 _2ddc
999			_c64789 _d64781