000			02718nab|a22003737a|4500
001			64613
003			MX-TxCIM
005			20211129143432.0
008			201007s2020||||sz |||p|op||||00||0|eng|d
022			_a1420-3049 (Online)
024	8		_ahttps://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25204752
040			_aMX-TxCIM
041			_aeng
100	1		_aFrancesconi, S. _925399
245	1	0	_aChitosan hydrochloride decreases Fusarium graminearum growth and virulence and boosts growth, development and systemic acquired resistance in two durum wheat genotypes
260			_aBasel (Switzerland) : _bMDPI, _c2020.
500			_aPeer review
500			_aOpen Access
520			_aFusarium head blight (FHB) is a devastating disease for cereals. FHB is managed by fungicides at anthesis, but their efficacy is variable. Conventional fungicides accumulate in the soil and are dangerous for animal and human health. This study assayed the antifungal ability of chitosan hydrochloride against Fusarium graminearum. Chitosan reduced F. graminearum growth and downregulated the transcript of the major genes involved in the cell growth, respiration, virulence, and trichothecenes biosynthesis. Chitosan promoted the germination rate, the root and coleoptile development, and the nitrogen balance index in two durum wheat genotypes, Marco Aurelio (FHB-susceptible) and DBC480 (FHB-resistant). Chitosan reduced FHB severity when applied on spikes or on the flag leaves. FHB severity in DBC480 was of 6% at 21 dpi after chitosan treatments compared to F. graminearum inoculated control (20%). The elicitor-like property of chitosan was confirmed by the up-regulation of TaPAL, TaPR1 and TaPR2 (around 3-fold). Chitosan decreased the fungal spread and mycotoxins accumulation. This study demonstrated that the non-toxic chitosan is a powerful molecule with the potential to replace the conventional fungicides. The combination of a moderately resistant genotype (DBC480) with a sustainable compound (chitosan) will open new frontiers for the reduction of conventional compounds in agriculture.
546			_aText in English
650		7	_aChitosan _2AGROVOC _918924
650		7	_aFusarium _2AGROVOC _92705
650		7	_aHard wheat _2AGROVOC _91142
650		7	_aPlant defence reactions _2AGROVOC _925400
650		7	_aDisease resistance _2AGROVOC _91077
700	1		_aSteiner, B. _921261
700	1		_aBuerstmayr, H. _921263
700	1		_aLemmens, M. _925401
700	1		_aSulyok, M. _918748
700	1		_aBalestra, G.M. _925402
773	0		_tMolecules _gv. 25, no. 20, art. 4752 _dBasel (Switzerland) : MDPI, 2020. _x1420-3049
856	4		_uhttps://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25204752 _yClick here to access online
942			_cJA _n0 _2ddc
999			_c64613 _d64605