000			03035nab|a22003377a|4500
001			64499
003			MX-TxCIM
005			20211108144944.0
008			200910s2021||||gw |||p|op||||00||0|eng|d
022			_a2192-1709
024	8		_ahttps://doi.org/10.1186/s13717-021-00290-9
040			_aMX-TxCIM
041			_aeng
100	0		_aZhen Zhang _918037
245	1	0	_aSplit nitrogen fertilizer application improved grain yield in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) via modulating antioxidant capacity and 13C photosynthate mobilization under water-saving irrigation conditions
260			_aHeidelberg (Germany) : _bSpringer, _c2021.
500			_aPeer review
500			_aOpen Access
520			_aA water-saving cultivation technique of supplementary irrigation based on soil moisture levels has been adopted for winter wheat production in the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain of China, due to the enhanced water-use efficiency. However, appropriate split nitrogen management may further improve crop growth and grain yield. Here, we conducted a 2-year field experiment to determine if split nitrogen management might improve wheat productivity by enhancing 13C photosynthate mobilization and the antioxidant defense system under water-saving conditions. Split nitrogen management involved a constant total nitrogen rate (240 kg ha−1) split in four different proportions between sowing and jointing stage, i.e., 10:0 (N1), 7:3 (N2), 5:5 (N3), and 3:7 (N4). The N3 treatment significantly enhanced “soil-plant analysis development” values, superoxide dismutase antioxidant activity, soluble protein content, sucrose content, and sucrose phosphate synthetase activity, although it reduced the accumulation of malondialdehyde (MDA). The N3 treatment ultimately increased the amount of dry matter assimilation after anthesis significantly. In addition, the 13C isotope tracer experiment revealed that the N3 treatment promoted the assimilation of carbohydrates after anthesis and their partitioning to the developing grains. Compared to the unequal ratio treatments (N1, N2, and N4), the equal ratio treatment (N3) increased grain yield by 5.70–16.72% via increasing 1000-grain weight and number of grains per spike in both growing seasons. Therefore, we recommend the use of a 5:5 basal-topdressing split nitrogen fertilizer application under water-saving irrigation conditions to promote antioxidant enzyme activity and the remobilization of photosynthate after anthesis for improving wheat grain yield.
546			_aText in English
650		7	_2AGROVOC _91190 _aNitrogen fertilizers
650		7	_2AGROVOC _911020 _aAntioxidants
650		7	_2AGROVOC _92274 _aWater conservation
650		7	_2AGROVOC _91164 _aIrrigation
700	0		_98330 _aYu Zhenwen
700	0		_913865 _aYongli Zhang
700	0		_913864 _aYu Shi
773	0		_tEcological Processes _gv. 10, art. 21 _dHeidelberg (Germany) : Springer, 2021. _x2192-1709
856	4		_yClick here to access online _uhttps://doi.org/10.1186/s13717-021-00290-9
942			_cJA _n0 _2ddc
999			_c64499 _d64491