000			03338nab|a22004097a|4500
999			_c64156 _d64148
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003			MX-TxCIM
005			20220218210909.0
008			201209s2021||||xxk|||p|op||||00||0|eng|d
022			_a2045-2322
024	8		_ahttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-87414-5
040			_aMX-TxCIM
041			_aeng
100	1		_aNayyar, N. _922681
245	1	0	_aPopulation structure and genetic diversity of invasive Fall Armyworm after 2 years of introduction in India
260			_aLondon (United Kingdom) : _bNature Publishing Group, _c2021.
500			_aPeer review
500			_aOpen Access
520			_aFall Armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda, is a polyphagous pest capable of feeding over 80 plant species and was indigenous to the Western Hemisphere. Within a span of 4 years, FAW has established itself throughout most of the regions in Africa and Asia causing significant losses in maize production. Owing to its revamped distribution range, it would be prudent to analyze the ensuing genetic changes and study the emerging phylogeographic patterns across the world. In this regard, we would like to provide a current snapshot of genetic diversity of FAW in India 2 years after the initial introduction and compare it with the worldwide diversity in order to trace the origins and evolutionary trajectories of FAW in India. We have investigated around 190 FAW samples from different regions in India for strain identity and polymorphism analysis on the basis of partial mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (COI) gene sequences. Apart from the ancestral rice and corn strain haplotype, our study demonstrates the presence of 14 more haplotypes unique to India at a haplotype diversity of 0.356. We were also able to record inter-strain hybrid haplotypes of rice and corn strains in India. Regional heterogeneity within Indian populations seems to be quite low representative of extensive migration of FAW within India. Distribution analysis of pairwise differences and rejection of neutrality tests suggest that the FAW population in India might be undergoing expansion. Our data is consistent with the findings suggesting a recent and common origin for invasive FAW populations in Asia and Africa, and does not indicate multiple introductions to India. This study reports the highest genetic diversity for Indian FAW populations to date and will be useful to track the subsequent evolution of FAW in India. The findings would have important ramifications for FAW behavior and composition throughout the world.
546			_aText in English
650		7	_aSpodoptera frugiperda _2AGROVOC _96410
650		7	_aPopulation Structure _2AGROVOC _98720
650		7	_aGenetic diversity _2AGROVOC _91125
650		7	_aInvasive species _2AGROVOC _918970
651		7	_2AGROVOC _93726 _aIndia
700	1		_aGracy, R.G. _922682
700	1		_aAshika, T.R. _922683
700	1		_aMohan, G. _922684
700	1		_aSwathi, R.S. _922685
700	1		_aMohan, M. _922686
700	1		_aChaudhary, M. _922687
700	1		_aBakthavatsalam, N. _922688
700	1		_aVenkatesan, T. _922689
773	0		_gv. 11, art. 7760 _dLondon (United Kingdom) : Nature Publishing Group, 2021. _x2045-2322 _tNature Scientific Reports _wa58025
856	4		_yClick here to access online _uhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-87414-5
942			_cJA _n0 _2ddc