000			03384nab|a22003857a|4500
999			_c63723 _d63715
001			63723
003			MX-TxCIM
005			20240919020918.0
008			20211s2021||||gw |||p|op||||00||0|eng|d
022			_a0944-1344
022			_a1614-7499 (Online)
024	8		_ahttps://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-13975-7
040			_aMX-TxCIM
041			_aeng
100	1		_aAryal, J.P. _8INT3542 _9968 _gSocioeconomics Program
245	1	0	_aFactors affecting farmers’ use of organic and inorganic fertilizers in South Asia
260			_aGermany : _bSpringer, _c2021.
500			_aPeer review
500			_aOpen Access
520			_aFertilizer, though one of the most essential inputs for increasing agricultural production, is a leading cause of nitrous oxide emissions from agriculture, contributing significantly to global warming. Therefore, understanding factors affecting farmers’ use of fertilizers is crucial to develop strategies to improve its efficient use and to minimize its negative impacts. Using data from 2528 households across the Indo-Gangetic Plains in India, Nepal, and Bangladesh, this study examines the factors affecting farmers’ use of organic and inorganic fertilizers for the two most important cereal crops – rice and wheat. Together, these crops provide the bulk of calories consumed in the region. As nitrogen (N) fertilizer is the major source of global warming and other environmental effects, we also examine the factors contributing to its overuse. We applied multiple regression models to understand the factors influencing the use of inorganic fertilizer, Heckman models to understand the likelihood and intensity of organic fertilizer (manure) use, and a probit model to examine the over-use of N fertilizer. Our results indicate that various socio-economic and geographical factors influence the use of organic and inorganic fertilizers in rice and wheat. Across the study sites, N fertilizer over-use is the highest in Haryana (India) and the lowest in Nepal. Across all locations, farmers reported a decline in manure application, concomitant with a lack of awareness of the principles of appropriate fertilizer management that can limit environmental externalities. Educational programs highlighting measures to improving nutrient-use-efficiency and reducing the negative externalities of N fertilizer over-use are proposed to address these problems.
546			_aText in English
650		7	_aInorganic fertilizers _2AGROVOC _93854
650		7	_aOrganic fertilizers _2AGROVOC _91740
651		7	_2AGROVOC _93726 _aIndia
651		7	_2AGROVOC _93932 _aNepal
651		7	_2AGROVOC _91424 _aBangladesh
700	1		_aSapkota, T.B. _gSustainable Intensification Program _gSustainable Agrifood Systems _8INT3361 _9940
700	1		_aKrupnik, T.J. _gSustainable Intensification Program _gSustainable Agrifood Systems _8INT3222 _9906
700	1		_aRahut, D.B. _8INT3364 _9942 _gSocioeconomics Program
700	1		_aJat, M.L. _gFormerly Sustainable Intensification Program _gFormerly Sustainable Agrifood Systems _8INT3072 _9889
700	1		_aStirling, C. _8INT3349 _9930 _gSustainable Intensification Program
773	0		_tEnvironmental Science and Pollution Research _dGermany : Springer, 2021. _x0944-1344 _gv. 28, no. 37, p. 51480-51496
856	4		_yOpen Access through DSpace _uhttps://hdl.handle.net/10883/21525
942			_cJA _n0 _2ddc