000			nab a22 7a 4500
999			_c62322 _d62314
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003			MX-TxCIM
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008			200124s2013 xxk|||p|op||| 00| 0 eng d
022			_a0140-6736
024	8		_ahttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(13)60937-X
040			_aMX-TxCIM
041			_aeng
100	1		_914821 _aBlack, R.E.
245	1	0	_aMaternal and child undernutrition and overweight in low-income and middle-income countries
260			_aUnited Kingdom : _bElsevier, _c2013.
500			_aPeer review
520			_aMaternal and child malnutrition in low-income and middle-income countries encompasses both undernutrition and a growing problem with overweight and obesity. Low body-mass index, indicative of maternal undernutrition, has declined somewhat in the past two decades but continues to be prevalent in Asia and Africa. Prevalence of maternal overweight has had a steady increase since 1980 and exceeds that of underweight in all regions. Prevalence of stunting of linear growth of children younger than 5 years has decreased during the past two decades, but is higher in south Asia and sub-Saharan Africa than elsewhere and globally affected at least 165 million children in 2011; wasting affected at least 52 million children. Deficiencies of vitamin A and zinc result in deaths; deficiencies of iodine and iron, together with stunting, can contribute to children not reaching their developmental potential. Maternal undernutrition contributes to fetal growth restriction, which increases the risk of neonatal deaths and, for survivors, of stunting by 2 years of age. Suboptimum breastfeeding results in an increased risk for mortality in the first 2 years of life. We estimate that undernutrition in the aggregate—including fetal growth restriction, stunting, wasting, and deficiencies of vitamin A and zinc along with suboptimum breastfeeding—is a cause of 3·1 million child deaths annually or 45% of all child deaths in 2011. Maternal overweight and obesity result in increased maternal morbidity and infant mortality. Childhood overweight is becoming an increasingly important contributor to adult obesity, diabetes, and non-communicable diseases. The high present and future disease burden caused by malnutrition in women of reproductive age, pregnancy, and children in the first 2 years of life should lead to interventions focused on these groups.
546			_aText in English
650		7	_2AGROVOC _96463 _aMalnutrition
650		7	_2AGROVOC _914822 _aOverweight
650		7	_2AGROVOC _94569 _aIncome
650		7	_2AGROVOC _92560 _aLess favoured areas
650		7	_2AGROVOC _914823 _aMaternal and child health
700	1		_914824 _aVictora, C.G.
700	1		_914825 _aWalker, S.P.
700	1		_914826 _aBhutta, Z.A.
700	1		_914827 _aChristian, P.
700	1		_914828 _aOnis, M. de
700	1		_914829 _aEzzati, M.
700	1		_914830 _aGrantham-McGregor, S.
700	1		_914831 _aKatz, J.
700	1		_914832 _aMartorell, R.
700	1		_914833 _aUauy, R.
773	0		_dUnited Kingdom : Elsevier, 2013. _gv. 382, no. 9890, p. 427-451 _tThe Lancet _x0140-6736
942			_2ddc _cJA _n0