000			00595nab|a22002177a|4500
999			_c61804 _d61796
001			61804
003			MX-TxCIM
005			20200513171723.0
008			200503s2011||||xxk|||p|op||||00||0|eng|d
022			_a0028-0836
022			_a1476-4687 (Online)
024	8		_ahttps://doi.org/10.1038/nature09689
040			_aMX-TxCIM
041			_aeng
100	1		_aGutiérrez, N.L. _912815
245	1	0	_aLeadership, social capital and incentives promote successful fisheries
260			_aLondon (United Kingdom) : _bNature Publishing Group, _c2011.
500			_aPeer review
520			_aOne billion people depend on seafood as their primary source of protein and 25% of the world’s total animal protein comes from fisheries1. Yet a third of fish stocks worldwide are overexploited or depleted1,2. Using individual case studies, many have argued that community-based co-management3 should prevent the tragedy of the commons4 because cooperative management by fishers, managers and scientists often results in sustainable fisheries3,5,6. However, general and multidisciplinary evaluations of co-management regimes and the conditions for social, economic and ecological success within such regimes are lacking. Here we examine 130 co-managed fisheries in a wide range of countries with different degrees of development, ecosystems, fishing sectors and type of resources. We identified strong leadership as the most important attribute contributing to success, followed by individual or community quotas, social cohesion and protected areas. Less important conditions included enforcement mechanisms, long-term management policies and life history of the resources. Fisheries were most successful when at least eight co-management attributes were present, showing a strong positive relationship between the number of these attributes and success, owing to redundancy in management regulations. Our results demonstrate the critical importance of prominent community leaders and robust social capital7, combined with clear incentives through catch shares and conservation benefits derived from protected areas, for successfully managing aquatic resources and securing the livelihoods of communities depending on them. Our study offers hope that co-management, the only realistic solution for the majority of the world’s fisheries, can solve many of the problems facing global fisheries.
546			_aText in English
650		7	_2AGROVOC _912816 _aFisheries
650		7	_2AGROVOC _912817 _aCo-management
700	1		_912818 _aHilborn, R.
700	1		_912819 _aDefeo, O.
773	0		_tNature _gv. 470, no. 7334, p. 386-389 _dLondon (United Kingdom) : Nature Publishing Group, 2011. _x1476-4687 _wu444616
942			_cJA _n0 _2ddc