000			00595nab|a22002177a|4500
999			_c61556 _d61548
001			61556
003			MX-TxCIM
005			20200403201528.0
008			200325s2013||||xxk|||p|op||||00||0|eng|d
022			_a0305-7364
022			_a1095-8290 (Online)
024	8		_ahttps://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mct141
040			_aMX-TxCIM
041			_aeng
100	1		_aFlores-Rentería, L. _911845
245	1	0	_aProgrammed cell death promotes male sterility in the functional dioecious Opuntia stenopetala (Cactaceae)
260			_aUnited Kingdom : _bOxford University Press, _c2013.
500			_aPeer review
520			_aBackground and Aims. The sexual separation in dioecious species has interested biologists for decades; however, the cellular mechanism leading to unisexuality has been poorly understood. In this study, the cellular changes that lead to male sterility in the functionally dioecious cactus, Opuntia stenopetala, are described. Methods. The spatial and temporal patterns of programmed cell death (PCD) were determined in the anthers of male and female flowers using scanning electron microscopy analysis and histological observations, focusing attention on the transition from bisexual to unisexual development. In addition, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labelling assays were used as an indicator of DNA fragmentation to corroborate PCD. Key results. PCD was detected in anthers of both female and male flowers, but their patterns differed in time and space. Functionally male individuals developed viable pollen, and normal development involved PCD on each layer of the anther wall, which occurred progressively from the inner (tapetum) to the outer layer (epidermis). Conversely, functional female individuals aborted anthers by premature and displaced PCD. In anthers of female flowers, the first signs of PCD, such as a nucleus with irregular shape, fragmented and condensed chromatin, high vacuolization and condensed cytoplasm, occurred at the microspore mother cell stage. Later these features were observed simultaneously in all anther wall layers, connective tissue and filament. Neither pollen formation nor anther dehiscence was detected in female flowers of O. stenopetala due to total anther disruption. Conclusions. Temporal and spatial changes in the patterns of PCD are responsible for male sterility of female flowers in O. stenopetala. Male fertility requires the co-ordination of different events, which, when altered, can lead to male sterility and to functionally unisexual individuals. PCD could be a widespread mechanism in the determination of functionally dioecious species.
546			_aText in English
591			_aChipindu, L. : Not in IRS Staff list but CIMMYT Affiliation
650		7	_2AGROVOC _94440 _aOpuntia
650		7	_2AGROVOC _911846 _aApoptosis
650		7	_2AGROVOC _911847 _aMale infertility
650		7	_2AGROVOC _911848 _aCactaceae
650		7	_2AGROVOC _99820 _aReproduction
700	1		_911849 _aOrozco-Arroyo, G.
700	1		_911850 _aCruz-García, F.
700	1		_911851 _aGarcía-Campusano, F.
700	1		_911852 _aAlfaro, I.
700	1		_911853 _aVázquez-Santana, S.
773	0		_tAnnals of Botany _gv. 112, no. 5, p. 789–800 _dUnited Kingdom : Oxford University Press, 2013. _x0305-7364 _wu444496
942			_cJA _n0 _2ddc