000			03215nab|a22003377a|4500
999			_c59485 _d59477
001			59485
003			MX-TxCIM
005			20231017231643.0
008			180425s2018||||ne |||p|op||||00||0|eng|d
024	8		_ahttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2018.03.011
040			_aMX-TxCIM
041			_aeng
100	0		_aSida, T.S. _8001711262 _gSustainable Intensification Program _gSustainable Agrifood Systems _95724
245	1		_aCrop vs. tree : _bCan agronomic management reduce trade-offs in tree-crop interactions?
260			_aAmsterdam, Netherlands : _bElsevier, _c2018.
500			_aPeer review
520			_aScattered trees dominate smallholder agricultural landscapes in Ethiopia, as in large parts of sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). While the inclusion of scattered trees could provide a viable pathway for sustainable intensification of these farming systems, they also lead to trade-offs. We carried out a study to: 1) explore the rationale of farmers to maintain on-farm trees beyond crop yield; 2) quantify the impact of agronomic practices on the outcome of tree-crop interactions; and 3) analyse partial economic trade-offs for selected on-farm tree species at farm scale. We recorded agronomic practices within the fields of 135 randomly selected farms from seedbed preparation to harvesting. A multivariate analysis showed that farmers maintained on-farm trees because of their direct timber, fencing, fuelwood, and charcoal production values. Trees generally had a significant negative effect on maize yield. Mean grain yields of 1683, 1994 and 1752 kg ha−1 under the canopies of Cordia, Croton and Acacia, respectively, were significantly lower than in their paired open field with mean yields of 4063, 3415 and 2418 kg ha−1. Besides, more income from trees was accompanied by less income from maize, highlighting tradeoffs. However, agronomic practices such as early planting, variety used, improved weed management, fine seedbed preparation and higher rates of nitrogen fertilizer significantly reduced yield penalties associated with trees. We found an inverse relationship between land size and on-farm tree density, implying that the importance of trees increases for land-constrained farms. Given the expected decline in per capita land size, scattered trees will likely remain an integral part of these systems. Thus, utilizing ‘good agronomic practices’ will be vital to minimize tree-crop trade-offs in the future.
546			_aText in English
591			_bCIMMYT Informa : 2012 (May 3, 2018)
591			_aTesfaye Shiferaw Sida : Not in IRS Staff list but CIMMYT Affiliation
650		7	_96174 _aAgroforestry systems _2AGROVOC
650		7	_2AGROVOC _92327 _aSustainable agriculture
650		7	_aCrop yield _gAGROVOC _2 _91066
700	1		_aBaudron, F. _gFormerly Sustainable Intensification Program _gSustainable Agrifood Systems _8INT3245 _9910
700	1		_aHadgudu, K. _97370
700	1		_aDerero, A. _97371
700	1		_aGiller, K.E. _91960
773	0		_tAgriculture, Ecosystems and Environment _gv. 260, p. 36-46 _dElsevier, 2018 _x0167-8809 (on-line) _w444470
856	4		_yAccess only for CIMMYT Staff _uhttps://libcatalog.cimmyt.org/download/cis/59485
942			_cJA _2ddc _n0