000			04166nab a22003617a 4500
001			58186
003			MX-TxCIM
005			20240919020915.0
008			121211s2016p||pii |||p op||| | e eng d
040			_aMX-TxCIM
100	1		_aYadav, M.R. _94062
245	1	0	_aEffect of long-term tillage and diversified crop rotations on nutrient uptake, profitability and energetics of maize (Zea mays) in north-western India
260			_c2016. _aNew Delhi, India : _bIndian Council of Agricultural Research,
500			_aPeer review
520			_aThe current cereal based systems of South Asia are under threat due to multiple challenges of declining water table, escalating energy and fuel prices, shortages of farm labour, deteriorating soil health with overarching effects of climatic variability making farming uneconomical and unattractive. Conservation agriculture (CA) based management practices together with cropping system optimization have demonstrated to produce more with less while restoring, conserving and sustaining natural resources. In north-western India, maize (Zea mays L.) based systems are being advocated as an alternate to rice-based systems to address the issues of resource degradation particularly water table and climate-change-induced variability in rainfall and temperature, etc. However, targeting maize systems without futuristic best-bet crop management practices suited to production systems and ecologies, may lead to other problems. Therefore, we attempted to evaluate the performance of maize in kharif 2014 under long-term CA-based [permanent bed (PB) and zero tillage (ZT)] practices with conventional tillage (CT) as main-plots and four intensified irrigated maize systems [maize-wheat-mungbean (MWMb), maize-chickpea-Sesbania (MCS), maize-mustard-mungbean (MMuMb) and maize-maize-Sesbania (MMS)] in sub-plots under an ongoing trial established in 2008. During seventh year of study, higher maize glucose equivalent yield (MGEY) was recorded in ZT (2 942 kg/ha) and PB (2 774 kg/ha) while, the lowest in CT (2 576 kg/ha). Similarly maize glucose equivalent yield under diversified maize-based rotations was invariably higher in MCS and MWMb systems compared to MMuMb and MMS rotations. The results revealed that the maximum total N, P and K uptake (134.7, 40.9 and 156.6 kg/ha) as well as the protein content (8.7%) in maize grain were recorded in ZT, and minimum in CT. However, among the cropping systems plots the kharif maize planted in MCS plots registered the highest N, P, K uptake in stover and grain and protein (8.96%) content in grain. Maize net returns and BC ratio were significantly higher under ZT and PB planting compared to CT. Net returns and BC ratio under ZT and PB were higher by 18-29% and 26-38%, compared to CT plots, respectively. The maximum gross output energy (210.1×103 MJ/ha), energy efficiency (16.4) and energy intensity (8.50 MJ/`) were recorded under ZT. Tillage and cropping system interactions significantly influenced maize cob and grain yield in 7th year of experimentation and maximum yield was in ZT-MCS. Overall, our long-term results suggest that adoption of conservation agriculture-based tillage under MCS and MWMb systems can enhance crop productivity, profitability, nutrient uptake and energetics of kharif maize in north-western region of India and elsewhere under similar agroclimatic conditions.
526			_aCCAFS
546			_aText in English
591			_bCIMMYT Informa: 1995 (July 13, 2017)
650		7	_aZea mays _91314
650		0	_91807 _aCrop rotation _gAGROVOC
700	1		_91486 _aParihar, C.M.
700	1		_92235 _aJat, S.L.
700	1		_91493 _aSingh, A.K.
700	1		_93888 _aKumar, D.
700	1		_94066 _aPooniya, V.
700	1		_91490 _aParihar M.D.
700	1		_94067 _aSaveipune, D.
700	1		_94068 _aParmar, H.
700	1		_aJat, M.L. _gFormerly Sustainable Intensification Program _gFormerly Sustainable Agrifood Systems _8INT3072 _9889
773	0		_tIndian Journal of Agricultural Sciences _wu444348 _gv. 86, no. 6, p. 743-749
856	4		_yAccess only for CIMMYT Staff _uhttp://libcatalog.cimmyt.org/Download/cis/58186.pdf
942			_cJA _2ddc
999			_c58186 _d58178