000			02920naa a22003257a 4500
001			57565
003			MX-TxCIM
005			20211006072226.0
008			160219b2015 t ||||| |||| 00| 0 eng d
040			_aMX-TxCIM
041			_aeng
100	1		_92008 _aTulek, A.
245	1	0	_aHistory and current status of the wheat gall nematode [Anguina Tririci (Steinbuch) Filipjev] on wheat in Turkey
260			_aAnkara, Turkey : _bFAO, _c2015.
500			_aOpen Access
520			_aWheat is one of the most important agricultural commodities in Turkey, and the country ranks among the top ten producers in the world. It is a staple and strategic crop, and an essential food in the Turkish diet. Wheat seed gall nematode, Anguina tritici, was the first plant parasitic nematode to be observed and described. Wheat gall nematode attacks plants and move up to the spikes via a film of moisture to affect new grains. Damage and yield loss are dependent on the initial nematode population. Wheat gall nematode cause significant yield losses and affect grain quantity and quality, yet they remain under-researched. Wheat gall nematode is one of the sporadically important pests of cereals particularly for wheat in Turkey. In Turkey, the first documented study wheat gall nematode were from surveys conducted in the mid-sixties. The infestation rate estimates were 0.2% in the Eastern Anatolia, 1.6 to 55.2% in the Western part, 25.4% in the Marmara, 3.6% in the South East Anatolia, and none at Aegean and Eastern Mediterranean region. The yield loss estimates were 0.2% in the Eastern Anatolia and up to 60.0% in Central Anatolia. However a study approximately ten years later, checking in the seed lots of the same region in Central Anatolia, showed the losses of only 0.01%. In 2012, the seed gall nematode was detected in wheat fields of the Thrace region of Turkey. Yield losses in the four wheat varieties Kate-A, Pehlivan, Selimiye, and Glibolu were estimated as 51.3%, 53.2% 56.6%, 59.6%, respectively, with seed infection levels by A. tritici of 21.4%, 20.9%, 24.4%, and 18.3%, respectively. In Turkey, wheat gall nematode has been seen and has constituted losses in areas where seed cleaning systems and certificated seedlings are not used.
536			_aGlobal Wheat Program
594			_aINT2918
594			_aINT1787
650		0	_93140 _aAnguina tritici
650		7	_aWheat _gAGROVOC _2 _91310
700	1		_92009 _aKepenekci, I.
700	1		_92010 _aCiftcigil, T. H.
700	1		_92229 _aOzturk, I.
700	1		_9874 _aDababat, A.A. _gGlobal Wheat Program _8INT2918
700	1		_9833 _aMorgounov, A.I. _gFormerly Global Wheat Program _8INT1787
773	0		_wu57562 _dAnkara, Turkey : FAO, 2015. _z978-92-5-108878-4 _tNematodes of small grain cereals current status and research : _gp. 37-44
856	4		_yAccess only for CIMMYT Staff _uhttp://libcatalog.cimmyt.org/Download/cis/57565.pdf
942			_2ddc _cPRO
999			_c57565 _d57557