000			03637nab a22004817a 4500
001			G79074
003			MX-TxCIM
005			20230927235032.0
008			210614s |||p|op||| 00| 0 eng d
022			_a0378-4290
024	8		_ahttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2003.09.003
040			_aMX-TxCIM
041			_aeng
072		0	_aF01
072		0	_aF06
090			_aCIS-3956
100	0		_aWang Fahong _920248
245	1	0	_aComparison of conventional, flood irrigated, flat planting with furrow irrigated, raised bed planting for winter wheat in China
260			_aAmsterdam (Netherlands) : _bElsevier, _c2004.
340			_aComputer File
500			_aPeer review
500			_aPeer-review: Yes - Open Access: Yes|http://science.thomsonreuters.com/cgi-bin/jrnlst/jlresults.cgi?PC=MASTER&ISSN=0378-4290
520			_aChina is the most populous nation and largest food producer and consumer in the world. In terms of planted area and output, wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) (including both winter and spring habit wheat) is the number one crop in northern China, and currently almost all irrigated wheat is conventionally planted in narrow spaced rows on the flat and is irrigated by flood irrigation within bordered basins. Conventional flat planting for winter wheat has some disadvantages. The use of flood irrigation can result in a low potential irrigation water use efficiency and inefficient use of nitrogen. It can also cause crusting of the soil surface following irrigation and can contribute to the degradation of some soil properties. In addition, it can result in higher levels of crop lodging. A raised bed-planting system with a number of defined rows (usually two to four rows) planted on top of the bed with furrow irrigation was found to overcome these disadvantages. The benefits of the raised bed-planting system with furrow irrigation compared with conventional flat planting with flood irrigation were found as follows: first, there was a savings in some years of as much as 30% of applied irrigation water combined with enhanced water use efficiency by changing from flood to furrow irrigation; second, the crust problem on the soil surface was eliminated and soil physical status was greatly improved; third, nitrogen use efficiency could be improved by 10% or more because of improved nitrogen placement possibilities; fourth, the microclimate within the field was changed due to the orientation of the wheat plants in rows on the beds with the bed-planting system, which reduced crop lodging and decreased the incidence of some wheat diseases. These advantages, interacting together, were found to improve grain quality and increase grain yield by more than 10%.
536			_aConservation Agriculture Program
546			_aText in English
591			_a0403|Elsevier|Wheat Program
594			_aCSAY01
650		7	_91310 _aWheat _2AGROVOC
650		7	_91296 _aTriticum aestivum _2AGROVOC
650		7	_97865 _aIrrigated farming _2AGROVOC
650		7	_917343 _aPlanting _2AGROVOC
650		7	_91063 _aCrop production _2AGROVOC
650		7	_98089 _aFurrow irrigation _2AGROVOC
650		7	_91800 _aCanopy _2AGROVOC
650		7	_95726 _aMicroclimate _2AGROVOC
650		7	_95953 _aPowdery mildews _2AGROVOC
651		7	_2AGROVOC _93990 _aChina
700	0		_aWang Xuqing _920249
700	1		_aSayre, K.D. _8CSAY01 _94612 _gSustainable Intensification Program
773	0		_tField Crops Research _n632811 _gv. 87, no. 1, p. 35-42 _dAmsterdam (Netherlands) : Elsevier, 2004. _wG444314 _x0378-4290
856	4		_yAccess only for CIMMYT Staff _uhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12665/431
942			_cJA _2ddc _n0
999			_c24625 _d24625