TY  - PRO
AU  - Zatikian,R.C.
AU  - Bedoshvili,D.
AU  - Krakhanian,R.B.
AU  - Mkhoyan,L.N.
AU  - Nazaretian,P.P.
ED  - Centro Internacional de Mejoramiento de Maiz y Trigo (CIMMYT)
ED  - 
TI  - New variety of malting barley from Giumri
U1  - 633.1147 
PY  - 2004///
CY  - Tbilisi (Georgia)
PB  - CIMMYT
KW  - Barley
KW  - Chemistry
KW  - Crossbreeding
KW  - Plant diseases
KW  - AGROVOC
KW  - Seedlings
KW  - Varieties
KW  - Yields
KW  - Plant breeding
KW  - CIMMYT
N1  - Abstract only
N2  - Giumri Breeding Station has been engaged in spring barley breeding since 1950. During that period, varieties of spring barley Nutans and Basargechari in 1941, Leninakani 6151 in 1945, Menikum 1 in 1956 and Nutans 115 in 1963 were developed. In 2002, variety Giurnri was released. Thro- ugh a crossing program utilizing complex cross [(Roland x Otis) x (EIginakh x Nutans 115)], large number of segregating populations were generated, which continued unti1 1989. Thereafter, individual plants of the desired type were selected for repro- ducing and testing in breeding nurseries. In 1995 they were included in the station and in 1998 the most advanced lines entered the state variety trials. As a result, spring barley variety Giumri was released in 2002, which exceeded Nutans 115 in yield by 12-15%. Giumri is more resistant to lodging and fungal diseases. Its yield potential under the optimal conditions can reach 6-6.5 ton/ha. To facilitate introduction and utilization of spring barley Giumri, we investigated the effect of seeding and nitrogen application rates on yield and grain quality. During the 2002-2003 seasons, the following seeding rates were studied: 100,150, 200, and 250 kg/ha. The 100-kg/ha seeding rate was studied as a cover crop rate. Seeding rates were studied across the following nitrogen rates: 60,80, and 100 kg, which were combined with p 140 K120. The plot area was 50 m2. The treatments were applied in 4 replications. Before fertilization and sowing, the content of accessible nutrients was determined in the 0-20 and 20-40 cm soil layers. Analysis of the yield data shows that increase of the nitrogen rate up to 60- 100 kg/ha is associated with considerable raise of spring barley yield, which becomes even more prominent at the seeding rate of 150 kg/ha(Table ). Grain yield increase at the seeding rate of 150 kg/ha was estimated in Nutans- 115 and Giumri to be 0.79 ton/ha, and 0.64 ton/ha respectively. Further increase of the seeding rates up to 200-250 kg/ha and nitrogen application rates is not associated with higher grain yield. The data presented in the table below shows that at the seeding rate of 150 kg/ha and at the nitrogen rate of 60- 100 kg/ha variety Giumri produces surplus yield at the level of O.42-0.48 ton/ha, which is by 10-12% higher than that of the check. Since the variety is envisaged for beer brewery purposes, nitrogen rates shall not exceed 60-80 kg/ha a. i., especially if potash and phosphorus fertilizers are not applied to the field. The study results suggest the following: (a) The optimal rates of seeding and nitrogen application for variety Giumri are 150 kg/ha and 100 kg a. i. / ha, respectively. (b) To ensure dense stand and weed control on comparatively poor and weedy soils, the seeding rate should be 200 kg/ha, and the nitrogen rate shall not exceed 60 kg/ha in order to avoid lodging
ER  -