TY  - PRO
AU  - Orjonikidze,E.
AU  - Bedoshvili,D.
AU  - Bezhitashvili,Kh
AU  - Matiashvili,M.
ED  - Centro Internacional de Mejoramiento de Maiz y Trigo (CIMMYT)
ED  - 
TI  - Control of Eurygaster integriceps in Georgia
U1  - 633.1147 
PY  - 2004///
CY  - Tbilisi (Georgia)
PB  - CIMMYT
KW  - Biological competition
KW  - Chemical composition
KW  - Crop management
KW  - AGROVOC
KW  - Georgia
KW  - Grain yield
KW  - Pest control
KW  - Quality
KW  - Seed production
KW  - Sowing date
KW  - Wheat
KW  - CIMMYT
N1  - Abstract only
N2  - Increase of high-quality grain production is the supreme objective of the agriculture in Georgia. In various years, one of the most dangerous grain field pest Eurygaster integriceps has major influence on yield of winter wheat. The pest is widespread in winter wheat cultivation areas of Georgia, mostly in highlands. Pesticides are the most efficient method of control of Eurygaster integriceps. As the population of wintered bugs was lower the threshold of 2 specimen/m2 in recent years, control is focused on larvae population in the beginning of the milk stage. Based on our research the recommended groups of chemicals are: organophosphorus, pyretroid, nitromethylene and phenylpyrazole groups, namely, Actar; Actellic, Buldoc, Decis, Karate, Kinmix, Regent, Scherl, and Sumicidine. Biological effectiveness of these insecticides is 92-97% and waiting period ranges between 16-25 days. Single spraying is generally used. Assortment of the chemicals of various groups allows for their alternation, preventing development of resistant pest populations. The following crop management practices are the complimentary tools in effective pest control: using the best predecessors (pea, annual legumes, maize) in crop rotation, correct and timely tillage, application of high-quality seeding material, observance of optimal dates, sowing rates and depth of seed embedment and additional early spring application of fertilizer
ER  -