TY  - JA
AU  - Kubitza,C.
AU  - Krishna,V.V.
AU  - Klasen,S.
AU  - Kopp,T.
AU  - Nuryartono,N.
AU  - Qaim,M.
TI  - Labor displacement in agriculture: Evidence from oil palm expansion in Indonesia
SN  - 0023-7639
PY  - 2024///
CY  - United States of America
PB  - University of Wisconsin Press
KW  - Oil palms
KW  - AGROVOC
KW  - Smallholders
KW  - Labour market
KW  - New technology
KW  - Indonesia
N1  - Peer review; Open Access
N2  - We analyze the labor market effects of oil palm cultivation among smallholder farmers in Indonesia. Oil palm requires less labor per unit of land than alternative crops, especially less female labor. Micro-level data and nationally-representative regency-level data show that oil palm adoption, on average, led to an expansion of total cropland at the expense of forestland, resulting in higher agricultural labor demand for men. At the same time, women’s employment rates declined due to a substantial decrease in agricultural family labor, which was most evident in regions with high initial land scarcity and thus limited options for cropland expansion
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/10883/34568
DO  - https://doi.org/10.3368/le.100.3.122122-0109R1
T2  - Land Economics
ER  -