TY  - JA
AU  - Byerlee,D.
AU  - Morris,M.L.
TI  - Calculating levels of protection: is it always appropriate to use world reference prices based on current trading status?
SN  - 0305-750X
PY  - 1993///
CY  - United Kingdom
PB  - Elsevier
KW  - Consumer prices
KW  - Marketing policies
KW  - Price policies
KW  - Producer prices
N1  - Peer review; Peer-review: Yes - Open Access: Yes|http://science.thomsonreuters.com/cgi-bin/jrnlst/jlresults.cgi?PC=MASTER&ISSN=0305-750X
N2  - Protection measures such as the nominal protection coefficient (NPC), the effective protection coefficient (EPC), the producer subsidy equivalent (PSE), and the consumer subsidy equivalent (CSE) are conventionally calculated using world reference prices based on current trading status. Under certain conditions, the conventional approach can lead to incorrect estimation of the degree and sometimes even the direction of protection. This paper spells out the conditions under which use of world reference prices based on current trading status is incorrect and presents data for wheat in Pakistan to illustrate how failure to consider these conditions can lead to misleading policy recommendations
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12665/1173
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/0305-750X(93)90034-7
T2  - World Development
ER  -