Abstract only

After wheat, barley is the second most important grain crop in the CAC region. During FSU (Former Soviet Union), around 7.0 million ha were sown to barley in Kazakhstan. Presently, barley is grown in Kazakhstan on an area of about 1.75 million ha. Usually, barley yields are, on an average, about 10-15% higher than wheat under rainfed conditions. The main problems in barley are diseases, insects, weeds, drought and high temperature during the grain filling stage, cold in winter, and high soil salinity. During the last 4 years, barley breeders of CAC countries managed to identify some promising lines from ICARDA nurseries. Many of them were widely used in breeding programs as sources of valuable traits and qualities. During the last 2 years, Armenian barley breeders selected 4 promising lines of barley from ICARDA nurseries. These lines were included for testing in the on-farm trials and field demonstration nurseries Azerbaijan breeders have succeeded in the identification of a new promising barley variety. The new barley variety Baharly was selected from ICARDA nurseries. During last 3 years, Baharly out-yielded local check Cyclone by 35-40%. This year, Azerbaijan breeders produced 5 tons seeds of new variety In CAC Region, Kazakhstan is the biggest producer of barley. Before the independence this crop covered almost 7mln hectares. Most of barley crop in Kazakhstan is og spring type and it has been grown as feed in the steppe with semiarid climate under rainfed conditions having annual precipitation rate of 250 -350 mm. The varietes ones are Batir-l and Batir-2, which performed well during 3 years of testing and showed, yield increase of 20-30% over control Akmolinskaya-25. Based on results of previous years, these varieties were submitted for the official State Variety Testing Commission in 2002. A new spring barley variety (Birlik-l) has been selected from ICARDA nurseries in 2002. New variety Burlik-l outyielded control variety Akmolinskaya- 25 by 50-55% and 5.6t/ha yielded during the last 2 years Winter barley is grown in South Kazakhstan. Krasniy Vodopad Breeding Station is responsible for improvement of this crop. Three winter barley varieties (Aziret-114, Sultan-118, and Ortai-111 ) were selected from ICARDA nurseries. Ortai-111 (entry 111) GWB 117-77-9- 7//Hm1-02 demonstrated good resistance to diseases, pests and logging. It was also found to be cold tolerant and have large grain. This year was decided to officially submit to new variety of barley entry 118 named as "Jibek joly" the state variety testing comity. In Kyrgyzstan, testing of the ICADRA nurseries resulted in the identification of the new promising lines of spring and winter barley. The best one was named as Adel (MV-46/Mazurka/3/Roho/ /Alger/Ceres ) variety, which out-yielded the check variety Osnova by 20-25% in the advanced yield trials. In Turkmenistan local breeders selected three barley lines Sonata, Alpha/Dura and Lignee-131 During the last 2 years these lines have shown advantage in disease resistance, heat and drought tolerance and productivity. The main breeding center of Uzbekistan for barley improvement for rainfed conditions is Galla- Aral Branch of Andijan of Grain. Breeders from Galla-Aral identified three lines of barley for rainfed conditions from ICARDA nurseries Arizona 5908/ Aths//Avt/and 7028/2759/3/6982//Ds/ and Arar/ Lingnee527//Arar/Rhn the lines have some advantage in disease resistance, heat and drought tolerance. Three lines GK Omega/3/Roho/, 73TH/ 105//E1 BulkCI and Wieselbuger// Ahor 1303 from IBON 2001-02 were also selected for irrigation area. In irrigated areas these lines out-yielded local check by 7 -10%.

English

0409|AGRIS 0401|AL-Wheat Program

Juan Carlos Mendieta

CIMMYT Publications Collection