Abstract only

Plant's ability of producing maximum yield with the best utilization of the environmental re- sources is one of the most important agro-biological indicators of the genotypic adaptation to the given environment. To develop appropriate crop production technologies, particularly for wheat and triticale, we have identified crop management practices that ensure strict compliance of all farm operations with environmental requirements and their imple- mentation in a resource-saving manner contributing to cost-effectiveness of grain production under the conditions of mixed farming. Field studies were carried out in Ganja-Ga- zakh area (community Kovlyar-Sari, Hanlar dist-rict) and Mil-Garabakh area (community Katalpa-rad, Barda district) of Azerbaijan. Newly released varieties of wheat Baraketli-95, Giymatli 2/17 and triticale Layagatli 2/17 were used. According to data presented in the table be- low, at early planting date (October 1), emergence was observed on the 6th -7th days in both Ganja- Gazakh and Mil-Garabakh areas. At a later planting date (November 15), emergence was observed later in both areas: on the 12th-14th days and 13th-15th days in Ganja-Gazakh and Mil-Garabakh areas, respectively. The later the sowing, the later was germination. Number of days to maturity varies in Ba- raketli-95 Layagatli 2/17 and Giymatli 2/17 within 238-252 days, 239-250 days, and 239-250 days respectively. The highest grain yields for Baraketli-95 (5.1 ton/ha) and Layagatli 2/17 (4.9 ton/ha) were ob- tained in Ganja-Gazakh area at the planting rates of 4.5 and 5.5 million seeds/ha, respectively. In Mil- Garabakh, the highest grain yield for Giymatli 2/17 (5.5 ton/ha) and Layagatli 2/17 (5.0 ton/ha) was obtained at the seeding rate of 5.0 and 5.5 million seeds/ha respectively. This can be explained by the fact that Mil-Garabakh area has better soil and environment for growing grain crops. It has been established that the best date for wheat planting in Ganja-Gazakh and Mil-Garabakh areas is October 15. The highest yield of 5.2 ton/ha in Ganja-Gazakh area was recorded for Baraketli- 95, while in Mil-Garabakh area for Giymatli 2/17 it amounted to 6.0 ton/ha and both highestrecords belong to the variant with the planting date on October 15. If October 15 seems to be the best planting date for wheat in both areas, triticale Layagatli 2/17, where produced the highest yield (4.6 ton/ha) in Ganja-Gazakh area when planted on October 15, while October 30 was identified as the best planting date for Mil-Garabakh area with the yield of 4.8 ton/ha. The thousand-kernel weight in Baraketl-95, Giymatli 2/ 17 and Layagatli 2/17 varied within 39-62g, 37-52g, and 38-44g, respectively. Thus, the seeding rate and planting date inf1uence on the plant density, which, in turn, affects plant development, tillering, grain yield and grain size. With the increase of the seeding rate (up to a certain extent), tillering, 1000-kernel weight and yield per plant are reduced, while grain yield increases. In such case, grain yield is produced by the central tillers mostly, white grain is characterized by more pronounced uniformity. The study results demonstrated that the newly released varieties might be successfulIy grown in major wheat growing regions ofthe republic. The most productive of them are triticale Layagatli 2/17 (4.8 ton/ha in Mil-Garabakh area), wheat BaraketJi- 95 (5.3 ton/ha in Gandja-Gazakh area), wheat Giymatli 2/17 (6.0 ton/hain Mil-Garabak harea), with the optimal seeding rate being equal to 5.5 million seeds/ha.

English

0409|AGRIS 0401|AL-Wheat Program

Juan Carlos Mendieta

CIMMYT Publications Collection