Abstract only

Wheat is the most important crop providing the world population with bread and bakery products. To increase production of wheat grain, along with the introduction of improved crop management pra- ctices, the development of varieties resistant to biotic and tolerant to abiotic stresses is of high significance. One of the main ways of developing such varieties is hybridization. Selection of the parents bearing ne- cessary morphological and physiological traits largely determines success of development of high- yielding genotypes through hybridization. Parental lines differing by morphophysio- logical traits were selected from local and introduced germplasm (provided by CIMMYTIICARDA) at Experimental Base ofR1 of Agriculture located on the Absheron peninsula. Characteristics for selecting parents included the following: growth habit, mor- phology of the leaves, resistance to diseases and grain yield. The present paper discusses various morpho- physiological traits of the lines obtained through cro- ssing of the selected parents: Azemetli-95 x Giymatli- 2117, Giymatli-211 x Azametli-95, Baraketli-95 x 2nd DWYRR #9 and 2nd DWYRR #19 x Baraketli-95. Azametli-95 is a high yielding, facultative ( se- mi-spring) variety with high disease resistance and drought tolerance. It is characterized by erect leaves, high photosynthetic activity and grain shattering. Giymatli-2/17 is a high-yielding variety, with susceptibility to drought; moderate disease resista- nce, and wide and horizontal leaves. These two varieties were crossed and individual plants with desirable traits were selected from the segregating populations. Phenological observations were made and adapted lines were developed. The obtained lines possessed drought tolerance, disease resistance, erect leaves and non-shattering grain. Baraketli-95 is a facultative (semi-winter), high-yielding variety with high photosynthetic activity characterized by disease resistance and drought tolerance. In contrast to Baraketli-95, leaves of entry #19 of 2nd DWYRR are small. The purpose of hybridization of these two varieties was development of pure lines combining positive traits of Baraketli- 95 with small leaves. Genotypes with small and erect leaves are distinguished by high photosynthetic activity ofthe lower part organs of the wheat plant, which contributes to high yield. The objective ofthe present study was correct selection of the parents and evaluation of the obtained lines based on the morpho-physiological traits such as erect leaves, disease resistance, dro- ught tolerance, and grain yield. Genotypes with such morpho-physiological traits maximally utilize resources of the environment (solar energy, water, etc. ), which contributes to high yield.

English

0408|AGRIS 0401|AL-Wheat Program

Juan Carlos Mendieta

CIMMYT Publications Collection