Utilization of facultative nurseries for breeding of improved spring bread wheat germplasm
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TextLanguage: English Publication details: Tbilisi (Georgia) : CIMMYT, 2004.Description: p. 250-251Subject(s):
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Summary: Since the most ancient times spring wheat is cultivated in Georgia, basically in mountain areas where the weather conditions frequently preclude autumn sowing of winter wheat. Spring wheat is also used as a reserve crop in the event of partial damage or total destruction of winter crops due to the adverse weather. To obtain improved germplasm and new varieties of spring bread wheat, the international nursery FA WWON was studied at RI of Agriculture through planting at two dates and crossing of the identified improved lines as with each other so with the local spring varieties (429295 and 429239). During 1996-2003, field tests were carried out at the experimental station of the RI of Agriculture on brown meadow irrigated soils. Sowing and crop management were in line with the recommended agricultural practice developed for the zone. Nursery FA WWON was sowed in two dates: in October and March. For the check were used released spring Georgian varieties Aisi and Qartul i- 21, which participated also in the hybridization program. Assessment of facultative germplasm allowed for identification of the forms most adapted to the local conditions The following lines were selected from 5 FA WWON: TIRCHMIR2\HUNZA2 (39); NA160\HN7 \\ BUC (78); NEMURA\PRL (53); SN64 \\ SKE (68); and CO724377\NAC\SERI ( 77). When planted in spring they showed early maturity, high yield, resistance to lodging and diseases. Simple and reciprocal crosses were carried out between the spring lines selected from F A WWON and the local varieties. It was ascertained that the high percent of seed setting is observed in cases when the local variety is used as ma1e. In some parental combinations, especially at crossing of geographically and ecologically remote forms, heterosis of yield-influencing traits was observed. So the hybrids prevail over parental forms in the average grain number in spikes and the grain weight (see the chart). The selected spring varieties and segregated populations are being tested in breeding nurseries of the RI of Agriculture.
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Since the most ancient times spring wheat is cultivated in Georgia, basically in mountain areas where the weather conditions frequently preclude autumn sowing of winter wheat. Spring wheat is also used as a reserve crop in the event of partial damage or total destruction of winter crops due to the adverse weather. To obtain improved germplasm and new varieties of spring bread wheat, the international nursery FA WWON was studied at RI of Agriculture through planting at two dates and crossing of the identified improved lines as with each other so with the local spring varieties (429295 and 429239). During 1996-2003, field tests were carried out at the experimental station of the RI of Agriculture on brown meadow irrigated soils. Sowing and crop management were in line with the recommended agricultural practice developed for the zone. Nursery FA WWON was sowed in two dates: in October and March. For the check were used released spring Georgian varieties Aisi and Qartul i- 21, which participated also in the hybridization program. Assessment of facultative germplasm allowed for identification of the forms most adapted to the local conditions The following lines were selected from 5 FA WWON: TIRCHMIR2\HUNZA2 (39); NA160\HN7 \\ BUC (78); NEMURA\PRL (53); SN64 \\ SKE (68); and CO724377\NAC\SERI ( 77). When planted in spring they showed early maturity, high yield, resistance to lodging and diseases. Simple and reciprocal crosses were carried out between the spring lines selected from F A WWON and the local varieties. It was ascertained that the high percent of seed setting is observed in cases when the local variety is used as ma1e. In some parental combinations, especially at crossing of geographically and ecologically remote forms, heterosis of yield-influencing traits was observed. So the hybrids prevail over parental forms in the average grain number in spikes and the grain weight (see the chart). The selected spring varieties and segregated populations are being tested in breeding nurseries of the RI of Agriculture.
Text in English
0407|AGRIS 0401|AL-Wheat Program
CIMMYT Staff Publications Collection
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