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Action of malt α-amylases on barley starch granules

By: Material type: ArticleArticleLanguage: English Publication details: United States of America : Master Brewers Association of the Americas 1980.ISSN:
  • 0743-9407
Subject(s): In: MBAA Technical Quarterly v. 17, no. 4, p. 215-221Summary: The complexity of the α-amylase system in malted barley was indicated by isoelectric focusing analysis. This technique showed that malted barley contained three main groups of α-amylase, each of which was heterogeneous. Two groups (designated as α-amylase I and α-amylase II) were isolated and purified and were then used to hydrolyze samples of small and large starch granules isolated from Conquest barley. Small granules were hydrolyzed faster than large granules and α-amylase I was more efficient than α-amylase II in solubilizing the large granules. Studies by scanning electron microscopy on kernels of malted barley showed that starch degradation started at the endosperm edge, adjacent to the embryo. Small granules were degraded preferentially. In vivo and in vitro hydrolysis of starch granules by α-amylase appeared to take place by similar mechanisms.Summary: Se indicó la complejidad del sistema de la α-amilasa en cabada malteada por medio de análisis de enfoque isoeléctrico. Esta técnica mostro la presencia de tres grupos principales de α-amilasa, cada uno de los cuales era heterogéneo. Dos grupos (designados como α-amilasa I y α-amilasa II) se separaron y purificaron y desoués se usaron para hidrolizar muestra de gránulos pequeños y grandes de almidón, aislados de cebada "Conquest". Los gránulos pequeños se hidrolizaron más répido que los gránulos grandes y la α-amilasa I fue más eficiente que la α-amilasa II en la solubilización de los gránulos grandes. Estudios efectuados con microscopía electrónica de barrido sbre los granos de cebada malteada mostraron que la degradación del almidón comenzó en la orilla del edospermo adyacente al germen. Los granulos pequeños fueron degradados preferencialmente. La hidrólisis de los gránulos de almidón por la α-amilasa pareció llevarse a cabo por mecanismos similares tanto in vivo como in vitro.
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Abstract in English and Spanish

The complexity of the α-amylase system in malted barley was indicated by isoelectric focusing analysis. This technique showed that malted barley contained three main groups of α-amylase, each of which was heterogeneous. Two groups (designated as α-amylase I and α-amylase II) were isolated and purified and were then used to hydrolyze samples of small and large starch granules isolated from Conquest barley. Small granules were hydrolyzed faster than large granules and α-amylase I was more efficient than α-amylase II in solubilizing the large granules. Studies by scanning electron microscopy on kernels of malted barley showed that starch degradation started at the endosperm edge, adjacent to the embryo. Small granules were degraded preferentially. In vivo and
in vitro hydrolysis of starch granules by α-amylase appeared to take place by similar mechanisms.

Se indicó la complejidad del sistema de la α-amilasa en cabada malteada por medio de análisis de enfoque isoeléctrico. Esta técnica mostro la presencia de tres grupos principales de α-amilasa, cada uno de los cuales era heterogéneo. Dos grupos (designados como α-amilasa I y α-amilasa II) se separaron y purificaron y desoués se usaron para hidrolizar muestra de gránulos pequeños y grandes de almidón, aislados de cebada "Conquest". Los gránulos pequeños se hidrolizaron más répido que los gránulos grandes y la α-amilasa I fue más eficiente que la α-amilasa II en la solubilización de los gránulos grandes. Estudios efectuados con microscopía electrónica de barrido sbre los granos de cebada malteada mostraron que la degradación del almidón comenzó en la orilla del edospermo adyacente al germen. Los granulos pequeños fueron degradados preferencialmente. La hidrólisis de los gránulos de almidón por la α-amilasa pareció llevarse a cabo por mecanismos similares tanto in vivo como in vitro.

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