Effect of crop residue and tillage system on soil properties in irrigated agriculture of the khorezm region, Uzbekistan
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TextPublication details: New Delhi (India) World Congress on Conservation Agriculture : 2009Description: p. 57Summary: Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) and winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) dominate the crop rotation in Uzbekistan, where more than 70% of the irrigated area is cultivated to these crops. Conservation Agriculture (CA) aims to minimize soil disturbance, retain adequate crop residues (CR) and use the most appropriate crop rotation to consequently save water, increase soil fertility, reduce erosion and costs, and increase yields. Yet these attributes stem mainly from experiences in rainfed areas since there have been very limited experiences with CA in the irrigated areas of central Asia. This research aimed to analyze the impact of CA on soil properties in the Khorezm region of Uzbekistan. The treatments included conventional tillage (CT, control), intermediate tillage (IT), permanent bed planting (PB) and zero|tillage (ZT), with all treatments compared with and without CR. Soil parameters were collected six times throughout the experimental period (2004-2006).|Tillage and CR had no effect on soil texture within 0-0.3 and 0.3-0.5 m soil depths. Treatments with CR had the highest micro-aggregate content in both 0-0.3 m (plow depth) and 0.3-0.5 m (below plow layer) soil layers. The largest micro-aggregate content occurred for ZT and IT with CR, whilst the lowest content was PB and ZT without CR at 0-0.3 m soil depth. Soil organic matter (SOM) decreased with depth, but increased significantly with CR left as a surface mulch at 0-0.3 m, and followed the sequence: ZT>PB>IT>CT in this soil layer. CR significantly increased soil nitrogen (N) compared to residue removal in the plow layer, whereas ZT had the highest soil N among the tillage systems. In both soil layers soil phosphorus (P) content increased with the CR mulch as compared to CR removal, and CT had the lowest soil P when compared with IT and ZT with CR mulch. Mulching significantly improved soil fertility and can offset the advancing soil degradation.
| Item type | Current library | Collection | Call number | Copy number | Status | Date due | Barcode | Item holds | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conference proceedings | CIMMYT Knowledge Center: John Woolston Library | CIMMYT Staff Publications Collection | CIS-5426 (Browse shelf(Opens below)) | 1 | Available | 637867 |
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Abstract only
Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) and winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) dominate the crop rotation in Uzbekistan, where more than 70% of the irrigated area is cultivated to these crops. Conservation Agriculture (CA) aims to minimize soil disturbance, retain adequate crop residues (CR) and use the most appropriate crop rotation to consequently save water, increase soil fertility, reduce erosion and costs, and increase yields. Yet these attributes stem mainly from experiences in rainfed areas since there have been very limited experiences with CA in the irrigated areas of central Asia. This research aimed to analyze the impact of CA on soil properties in the Khorezm region of Uzbekistan. The treatments included conventional tillage (CT, control), intermediate tillage (IT), permanent bed planting (PB) and zero|tillage (ZT), with all treatments compared with and without CR. Soil parameters were collected six times throughout the experimental period (2004-2006).|Tillage and CR had no effect on soil texture within 0-0.3 and 0.3-0.5 m soil depths. Treatments with CR had the highest micro-aggregate content in both 0-0.3 m (plow depth) and 0.3-0.5 m (below plow layer) soil layers. The largest micro-aggregate content occurred for ZT and IT with CR, whilst the lowest content was PB and ZT without CR at 0-0.3 m soil depth. Soil organic matter (SOM) decreased with depth, but increased significantly with CR left as a surface mulch at 0-0.3 m, and followed the sequence: ZT>PB>IT>CT in this soil layer. CR significantly increased soil nitrogen (N) compared to residue removal in the plow layer, whereas ZT had the highest soil N among the tillage systems. In both soil layers soil phosphorus (P) content increased with the CR mulch as compared to CR removal, and CT had the lowest soil P when compared with IT and ZT with CR mulch. Mulching significantly improved soil fertility and can offset the advancing soil degradation.
Conservation Agriculture Program
English
0903
Jose Juan Caballero
CSAY01
CIMMYT Staff Publications Collection
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