1 table; 3 fig. 29 ref. Summary (En)

This paper discusses how physiological processes and traits that affect higher yielding wheats may be modified by breeding and hence increase yields in the future. Reference is made to different rainfed environments. The following physiological processes and ways to improve them: (1) crop transpiration, by improving water extraction and decreasing surface water evaporation; (2) water-use efficiency, by increasing glaucousness, the amount of discrimination of the stable isotope 13C during the fixation of CO2, improving cool temperature vigour, and altering root/shoot partitioning; and (3) harvest index, by increasing hydraulic resistance in the seminal roots and by modifying leaf area development using determinate tillering genotype are discussed. Results from the breeding programme aiming at increasing yields in dry areas by improving each of the above processes are discussed as there are ways to validate the worth of specific traits and ways to incorporate traits into existing breeding programmes

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