Occurrence and pathogenicity of Puccinia recondita f.sp. tritici in South Africa during 1997
Material type:
TextPublication details: Addis Ababa (Ethiopia) CIMMYT : 1999ISBN: - 92-9146-058-3
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Abstract only
Leaf rust caused by Puccinia recondita Rob. ex Desm. f.sp. tritici is an important disease of wheat ( Triticum aestivum L. ) in South Africa. During the period 1989 to 1996 there was no significant shift in viru1ence and the same pathotypes dominated consistently. During 1997 a significant shift in virulence occurred, and this paper reports on the shift in virulence and gives possible explanations. Rust samples are collected annually by means of surveys, co-operators, farmers and trap-nurseries throughout the small grain producing areas of Southern Africa in an effort to determine the prevalence and the virulence/avirulence spectrum of Puccinia recondita f.sp. tritici. During 1997 the pathotypes 3SA133, 3SA132, 3SA140, 3SA126 and 3SA123 were identified. Pathotype 3SA133 dominated the season, comprising 80.6 % of the isolates, fo11owed by 3SA132, 3SA140, 3SA126 and 3SA123 with 15.3%,2.8%, 1.4% and 1.4% respectively. This represents a significant shift in virulence, since the period 1989 to 1993 was dominated by 3SA132 and 3SA140. A build up of 3SA133 occurred from 1994 to 1996, with 3SA132 and 3SA140 dominating this period. A second reason for the shift may be attributed to the popularity of the yellow rust resistant cultivars Kariega and SST57, and the yellow rust susceptible winter wheat cultivar Gariep. All three these cultivars are susceptible to 3SA133. This however does not explain the high percentage of 3SA133 found on volunteer wheat in the Free State early in the season. The third reason for the shift in virulence may be attributed to the use of isolates from various cultivars instead of the universally susceptible cultivar Morocco. This was necessary because yellow rust killed Morocco at most of the trap locations.
English
0007|AGRIS 0101|AL-Wheat Program
Jose Juan Caballero
CIMMYT Publications Collection