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Peer review

Using the molecular markers for dwarfing genes (Rht-B1b and Rht-D1b) and kernel weight related genes (TaCwi-A1a and Hap-6A-A) and Lr34/Yr18/Pm38, the distributions of these genes were detected among 745 cultivars from 21 major wheat-growing countries. The results indicated that: (1) The frequencies of Rht-B1b and Rht-D1b in 745 cultivar were 42.1% and 28.7%, respectively, varying much in different wheat-growing countries. Generally, cultivars from the same countri usually carried only one of Rht-B1b and Rht-D1b, frequencies only from Italy and Australia were higher for both Rht-B1b and Rht-D1b, which in high latitude areas such as Canada and Russia were lower due to less requirement for plant height. (2) TaCwi-A1a allele was widely distributed in 21 countries with a total frequency of 78.4%, and cultivars from different countries possessed all higher frequency of TaCwi-A1a except for Japan (50.0%), Germany (45.3%) and Chile (48.8%). The 29.3% of cultivars carried Hap-6A-A allele at TaGW2-6A locus, mainly distributing in spring and weak winter wheat, whereas Hap-6A-G was mainly present in winter and stron winter cultivars. (3) The 22.1% of cultivars had Lr34/Yr18/Pm38 allele, with higher frequency in USA (18.5%), Ukraine (28.6%), Russia (26.1%), Iran (20.0%), Turkey (34.8%), Hungary (50.0%), Bulgaria (38.9%), Romania (87.0%), Japan (80.0%), Canada (34.6%) and Australia (44.6%). (4) The molecular markers CWI 21 and CWI 22 for TaCwi-A1 can well differentiate TaCwi-A1a and TaCwi-A1b alleles, while the CAPS marker of TaGw2-6A can also be used for kernel weight selection due to its ability of discriminating Hap-6A-A and Hap-6A-G with great accuracy and repeatibility. The information is very crucial for use of exotic germplasm in Chinese wheat breeding program.

Global Wheat Program

Text in Chinese

INT2411

CIMMYT Staff Publications Collection