The occurrence of aflatoxins and human health risk estimations in randomly obtained maize from some markets in Ghana (Record no. 63677)
[ view plain ]
| 000 -LEADER | |
|---|---|
| fixed length control field | 03641nab|a22003977a|4500 |
| 001 - CONTROL NUMBER | |
| control field | 63677 |
| 003 - CONTROL NUMBER IDENTIFIER | |
| control field | MX-TxCIM |
| 005 - DATE AND TIME OF LATEST TRANSACTION | |
| control field | 20211006085227.0 |
| 008 - FIXED-LENGTH DATA ELEMENTS--GENERAL INFORMATION | |
| fixed length control field | 201209s2021||||xxk|||p|op||||00||0|eng|d |
| 022 ## - INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SERIAL NUMBER | |
| International Standard Serial Number | 2045-2322 |
| 024 8# - OTHER STANDARD IDENTIFIER | |
| Standard number or code | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-83751-7 |
| 040 ## - CATALOGING SOURCE | |
| Original cataloging agency | MX-TxCIM |
| 041 ## - LANGUAGE CODE | |
| Language code of text/sound track or separate title | eng |
| 100 1# - MAIN ENTRY--PERSONAL NAME | |
| Personal name | Kortei, N.K. |
| 9 (RLIN) | 19798 |
| 245 14 - TITLE STATEMENT | |
| Title | The occurrence of aflatoxins and human health risk estimations in randomly obtained maize from some markets in Ghana |
| 260 ## - PUBLICATION, DISTRIBUTION, ETC. (IMPRINT) | |
| Place of publication, distribution, etc. | London (United Kingdom) : |
| Name of publisher, distributor, etc. | Nature Publishing Group, |
| Date of publication, distribution, etc. | 2021. |
| 500 ## - GENERAL NOTE | |
| General note | Peer review |
| 500 ## - GENERAL NOTE | |
| General note | Open Access |
| 520 ## - SUMMARY, ETC. | |
| Summary, etc. | Maize and its products are most often prone to fungal contamination especially during cultivation and storage by toxigenic fungi. Aflatoxicosis still persist in Ghana despite the numerous education on several ways of its prevention at the farm as well as its adverse health implications which are food safety concerns. A random assessment and human risk analysis was conducted on 90 maize (72 white and 18 colored) samples from markets across all the regions of Ghana. Total aflatoxins (AFtotal) and the constitutive aflatoxins (AFB1, AFB2, AFG1, and AFG2) were analyzed by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). Out of a total of ninety (90) samples investigated, 72 (80%) tested positive for AFB1 and the contamination levels ranged from 0.78 ± 0.04 to 339.3 ± 8.6 µg kg−1. Similarly, AFG2 was detected in only 14 (15.5%) samples, and their values ranged between 1.09 ± 0.03 and 5.51 ± 0.26 µg kg−1 while AF total ranged between 0.78 ± 0.04 and 445.01 ± 8.9 µg kg−1 constituting approximately 72 (80%). Limits of AFB1 and total aflatoxins (AFtotal) for the Ghana Standards Authority (GSA) (5 and 10 µg kg−1) and the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) (2 and 4 µg kg−1), were used as checks. A total of 33 (41.25%) samples were above the limits for both. Risk assessments recorded for Estimated Daily Intake (EDI), Hazard Quotient (H.Q), Hazard Index (H.I), Margin of Exposure (MOE), av. Potency, and population risks ranged 0.087–0.38 μg kg−1 bw day−1, 1.5–6.9, 0.0087–0.38, 3.64–12.09, 0–0.0396 ng Aflatoxins kg−1 bw day−1 and, 3.5 × 10–1–0.015 respectively for total aflatoxins. While ranges for aflatoxins B1 (AFB1) recorded were 0.068–0.3 μg Kg bw−1 day−1, 2.43–10.64, 0.0068–0.030, 4.73–20.51, 0–0.0396 ng Aflatoxins kg−1 bw day−1 and, 2.69 × 10–3–0.012 for Estimated Daily Intake (EDI), Hazard Quotient (H.Q), Hazard Index (H.I), Margin of Exposure (MOE), Av. potency, and population risks respectively. It was deduced that although there was some observed contamination of maize across the different ecological zones, the consumption of maize (white and colored) posed no adverse health effects on the population of Ghana since computed H.I was less than 1 (< 1). |
| 546 ## - LANGUAGE NOTE | |
| Language note | Text in English |
| 650 #7 - SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | Aflatoxins |
| Source of heading or term | AGROVOC |
| 9 (RLIN) | 5637 |
| 650 #7 - SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | Maize |
| Miscellaneous information | AGROVOC |
| Source of heading or term | |
| 9 (RLIN) | 1173 |
| 650 #7 - SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | Health |
| Source of heading or term | AGROVOC |
| 9 (RLIN) | 4222 |
| 651 #7 - SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--GEOGRAPHIC NAME | |
| Source of heading or term | AGROVOC |
| 9 (RLIN) | 4493 |
| Geographic name | Ghana |
| 700 1# - ADDED ENTRY--PERSONAL NAME | |
| Personal name | Annan, T. |
| 9 (RLIN) | 19799 |
| 700 1# - ADDED ENTRY--PERSONAL NAME | |
| Personal name | Akonor, P.T. |
| 9 (RLIN) | 19800 |
| 700 1# - ADDED ENTRY--PERSONAL NAME | |
| Personal name | Richard, S.A. |
| 9 (RLIN) | 19801 |
| 700 1# - ADDED ENTRY--PERSONAL NAME | |
| Personal name | Annan, H.A. |
| 9 (RLIN) | 19802 |
| 700 1# - ADDED ENTRY--PERSONAL NAME | |
| Personal name | Kyei-Baffour, V. |
| 9 (RLIN) | 19803 |
| 700 1# - ADDED ENTRY--PERSONAL NAME | |
| Personal name | Akuamoa, F. |
| 9 (RLIN) | 19804 |
| 700 1# - ADDED ENTRY--PERSONAL NAME | |
| Personal name | Akpaloo, P.G. |
| 9 (RLIN) | 19805 |
| 700 1# - ADDED ENTRY--PERSONAL NAME | |
| Personal name | Esua-Amoafo, P. |
| 9 (RLIN) | 19806 |
| 773 0# - HOST ITEM ENTRY | |
| Related parts | v. 11, art. 4295 |
| Place, publisher, and date of publication | London (United Kingdom) : Nature Publishing Group, 2021. |
| International Standard Serial Number | 2045-2322 |
| Title | Nature Scientific Reports |
| Record control number | a58025 |
| 856 4# - ELECTRONIC LOCATION AND ACCESS | |
| Link text | Click here to access online |
| Uniform Resource Identifier | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-83751-7 |
| 942 ## - ADDED ENTRY ELEMENTS (KOHA) | |
| Koha item type | Article |
| Suppress in OPAC | No |
| Source of classification or shelving scheme | Dewey Decimal Classification |
| Date last seen | Total Checkouts | Price effective from | Koha item type | Lost status | Source of classification or shelving scheme | Damaged status | Not for loan | Collection code | Withdrawn status | Home library | Current library | Date acquired |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 05/07/2021 | 05/07/2021 | Article | Not Lost | Dewey Decimal Classification | Reprints Collection | CIMMYT Knowledge Center: John Woolston Library | CIMMYT Knowledge Center: John Woolston Library | 05/07/2021 |