Breeding of barley in Georgia
Tagvadze, A.
Breeding of barley in Georgia - Tbilisi (Georgia) CIMMYT : 2004 - p. 356-357 - Printed
Abstract only
Barley has always been considered as one of the most important grain crops in Georgia. In the world agricultural practice barley occupies the sixth place in terms of its importance, while in Georgia it is on the fourth place. On different stages of de- velopment of the mankind barley always occupied a leading position in food supply and forage production. Barley is known as a high yielding crop. Bre- eding high yielding barley varieties and their adoption in farming practice are essential tasks in modern grain production. Nowadays, the barley breeders face the major problem of development of input-responsive varie- ties. Georgia has had some significant achievements in this direction. Different aboriginal species and land races well adapted to local conditions were developed by Georgian fanners. However, they bear some nega- tive characteristics: low yield, low response to rich soils, high and weak stem with low resistance to lodging and low resistance to fungous diseases. For that reasons they fail to meet modern requirements. Hybridization is the way to maintain beneficial properties of aboriginal varieties and improve the drawbacks. To this aim geographically remote barley varieties, which are not characterized by the above negative traits should be selected. Georgian experts believe that this method will facilitate development of input -responsive varieties. Intravarietal crossing of geographically re- mote forms of barley is a common practice in bre- eding of barley. Disease and lodging resistant plants bearing productive spires should be selected for crossing. We have selected aboriginal and foreign (Chi- nese, European, American) input responsive varie- ties characterized by earliness, lodging resistance and high yield. However, their adaptability to local conditions and resistance to fungous diseases is low. In hybrids developed through crossies of Georgian barley species Palidum 187, Shishveli Keri D-13 and Tetritskaro Keri with Hungarian, American, Turkish and Chilean varieties the negative traits of Georgian varieties are alleviated and all positive characteristics of aboriginal varieties, such as high adaptability to local conditions and disease resistance are preserved.
English
Barley
Crop yield
Georgia
Hybridization
Plant diseases
Varieties
Plant breeding
Farming systems
CIMMYT
633.1147 / BED
Breeding of barley in Georgia - Tbilisi (Georgia) CIMMYT : 2004 - p. 356-357 - Printed
Abstract only
Barley has always been considered as one of the most important grain crops in Georgia. In the world agricultural practice barley occupies the sixth place in terms of its importance, while in Georgia it is on the fourth place. On different stages of de- velopment of the mankind barley always occupied a leading position in food supply and forage production. Barley is known as a high yielding crop. Bre- eding high yielding barley varieties and their adoption in farming practice are essential tasks in modern grain production. Nowadays, the barley breeders face the major problem of development of input-responsive varie- ties. Georgia has had some significant achievements in this direction. Different aboriginal species and land races well adapted to local conditions were developed by Georgian fanners. However, they bear some nega- tive characteristics: low yield, low response to rich soils, high and weak stem with low resistance to lodging and low resistance to fungous diseases. For that reasons they fail to meet modern requirements. Hybridization is the way to maintain beneficial properties of aboriginal varieties and improve the drawbacks. To this aim geographically remote barley varieties, which are not characterized by the above negative traits should be selected. Georgian experts believe that this method will facilitate development of input -responsive varieties. Intravarietal crossing of geographically re- mote forms of barley is a common practice in bre- eding of barley. Disease and lodging resistant plants bearing productive spires should be selected for crossing. We have selected aboriginal and foreign (Chi- nese, European, American) input responsive varie- ties characterized by earliness, lodging resistance and high yield. However, their adaptability to local conditions and resistance to fungous diseases is low. In hybrids developed through crossies of Georgian barley species Palidum 187, Shishveli Keri D-13 and Tetritskaro Keri with Hungarian, American, Turkish and Chilean varieties the negative traits of Georgian varieties are alleviated and all positive characteristics of aboriginal varieties, such as high adaptability to local conditions and disease resistance are preserved.
English
Barley
Crop yield
Georgia
Hybridization
Plant diseases
Varieties
Plant breeding
Farming systems
CIMMYT
633.1147 / BED