Multi-environment on-farm variety trials of new wheat lines
Talai, J.
Multi-environment on-farm variety trials of new wheat lines - Tbilisi (Georgia) CIMMYT : 2004 - p. 301-302 - Printed
Abstract only
Wheat in Azerbaijan is an important crop that provides the country's population with staple food. Therefore, wheat is grown in different regions of the republic and its area exceeds 600 thousand hectares annually. At present, farmers that are very short of financial resources require improved wheat varieties with high yield, grain quality and resistance to different diseases that are adapted to local environments. On-farm multi-location variety trials were designed to promote farmer participation in identification, multiplication and dissemination of new widely adapted lines (including resistance to yellow rust and common bunt). For this purpose, a two- year grant agreement was signed between the RI of Agriculture of Azerbaijan and Agency for Support to the Development of Private Agricultural Sector. Variety trials of new wheat lines were held at 4 farms located in three districts (Gobustan, Terter and Saatli) representing three different regions (Mountainous Shirvan, Karabakh and Mil-Mugan) of the republic. The total area planted to new varieties was equal to 9 ha, out of which 6 ha were located in the irrigated zone (Terter, Saatli) and 3 ha were located in the dryland area (Gobustan). The project was implemented in co-operation with CIMMYT. Additionally, within the framework of the project, 100 entries of bread and durum wheat from the local collections were included in the ecological trials. About 1/3 of the involved germplasm was introduced from CIMMYT and ICARDA international nurseries. Majority of the tested wheat lines were classified as winter and facultative, characterized by high winter hardiness. In terms of their reaction to the rusts, most of them were identified as resistant (1-5R) and moderately resistant (5-30 MR). Majority of them were short-stature (77.0-99.0 cm), with intermediate and late heading dates for the lowland irrigated (133-140 days from January 1) and the dryland located at 750 m above sea level (146- 153 days from January 1) regions. According to the first-year trial results, the following numbers of the adapted lines of bread and durum wheat were selected: 15, 14 and 17 in Gobustan, Darter and Saatli, respectively. In the same locations, grain yield of the selected lines varied within 3.9-5.6 t/ha, 6.0- 7.2 t/ha and 6.0- 7.1 ton/ha, respectively. About 1/3 of the identified lines were imported to Azerbaijan through international nurseries of CIMMYT and ICARDA. The most outstanding lines were obtained from Facultative and Winter Wheat Observation Nursery (FA WWON), Winter Wheat Observation Nursery for Irrigated (WWONIR), Winter Wheat Observation Nursery for Semi-Arid areas (WWONSA), and Regional Bread Wheat Observation Nursery for Semi-Arid Areas (RBWON-SAA). As a result of the two-year on-farm variety trials in various regions of the republic, 12 promising high-yielding and disease-resistant wheat varieties have been selected with direct participation of the local farmers. Grain yield of the selected wheat lines varied within 5.0-6.1 ton/ha and 4.0-4.5 ton/ha in the irrigated and dryland regions, respectively. The observed yield advantage as compared with the check was estimated as 0.85 ton/ha and 1,8 t/ha in the irrigated and dryland regions, respectively. The improved net income per hectare across the regions in average and a raise in cost- effectiveness of the farms resulted from the introduction of the improved wheat varieties through the project were estimated to be$551.9 and 160%, respectively. This has certainly improved the financial standing of the co1laborating farmers. The farmers have become active participants of the promotin process of the new promising wheat lines, which is based on genotypic adaptation to the environment, grain yield and disease resistance.
English
Disease resistance
Dry farming
Environmental conditions
Irrigated soils
Rusts
Varieties
Wheat
Genetic resources
Plant breeding
CIMMYT
633.1147 / BED
Multi-environment on-farm variety trials of new wheat lines - Tbilisi (Georgia) CIMMYT : 2004 - p. 301-302 - Printed
Abstract only
Wheat in Azerbaijan is an important crop that provides the country's population with staple food. Therefore, wheat is grown in different regions of the republic and its area exceeds 600 thousand hectares annually. At present, farmers that are very short of financial resources require improved wheat varieties with high yield, grain quality and resistance to different diseases that are adapted to local environments. On-farm multi-location variety trials were designed to promote farmer participation in identification, multiplication and dissemination of new widely adapted lines (including resistance to yellow rust and common bunt). For this purpose, a two- year grant agreement was signed between the RI of Agriculture of Azerbaijan and Agency for Support to the Development of Private Agricultural Sector. Variety trials of new wheat lines were held at 4 farms located in three districts (Gobustan, Terter and Saatli) representing three different regions (Mountainous Shirvan, Karabakh and Mil-Mugan) of the republic. The total area planted to new varieties was equal to 9 ha, out of which 6 ha were located in the irrigated zone (Terter, Saatli) and 3 ha were located in the dryland area (Gobustan). The project was implemented in co-operation with CIMMYT. Additionally, within the framework of the project, 100 entries of bread and durum wheat from the local collections were included in the ecological trials. About 1/3 of the involved germplasm was introduced from CIMMYT and ICARDA international nurseries. Majority of the tested wheat lines were classified as winter and facultative, characterized by high winter hardiness. In terms of their reaction to the rusts, most of them were identified as resistant (1-5R) and moderately resistant (5-30 MR). Majority of them were short-stature (77.0-99.0 cm), with intermediate and late heading dates for the lowland irrigated (133-140 days from January 1) and the dryland located at 750 m above sea level (146- 153 days from January 1) regions. According to the first-year trial results, the following numbers of the adapted lines of bread and durum wheat were selected: 15, 14 and 17 in Gobustan, Darter and Saatli, respectively. In the same locations, grain yield of the selected lines varied within 3.9-5.6 t/ha, 6.0- 7.2 t/ha and 6.0- 7.1 ton/ha, respectively. About 1/3 of the identified lines were imported to Azerbaijan through international nurseries of CIMMYT and ICARDA. The most outstanding lines were obtained from Facultative and Winter Wheat Observation Nursery (FA WWON), Winter Wheat Observation Nursery for Irrigated (WWONIR), Winter Wheat Observation Nursery for Semi-Arid areas (WWONSA), and Regional Bread Wheat Observation Nursery for Semi-Arid Areas (RBWON-SAA). As a result of the two-year on-farm variety trials in various regions of the republic, 12 promising high-yielding and disease-resistant wheat varieties have been selected with direct participation of the local farmers. Grain yield of the selected wheat lines varied within 5.0-6.1 ton/ha and 4.0-4.5 ton/ha in the irrigated and dryland regions, respectively. The observed yield advantage as compared with the check was estimated as 0.85 ton/ha and 1,8 t/ha in the irrigated and dryland regions, respectively. The improved net income per hectare across the regions in average and a raise in cost- effectiveness of the farms resulted from the introduction of the improved wheat varieties through the project were estimated to be$551.9 and 160%, respectively. This has certainly improved the financial standing of the co1laborating farmers. The farmers have become active participants of the promotin process of the new promising wheat lines, which is based on genotypic adaptation to the environment, grain yield and disease resistance.
English
Disease resistance
Dry farming
Environmental conditions
Irrigated soils
Rusts
Varieties
Wheat
Genetic resources
Plant breeding
CIMMYT
633.1147 / BED