Genomic insights into the modifications of spike morphology traits during wheat breeding
Yangyang Liu
Genomic insights into the modifications of spike morphology traits during wheat breeding - Oxford (United Kingdom) : John Wiley & Sons Ltd., 2024.
Peer review Early View Open Access
Over the past century, environmental changes have significantly impacted wheat spike morphology, crucial for adaptation and grain yield. However, the changes in wheat spike modifications during this period remain largely unknown. This study examines 16 spike morphology traits in 830 accessions released from 1900 to 2020. It finds that spike weight, grain number per spike (GN), and thousand kernel weight have significantly increased, while spike length has no significant change. The increase in fertile spikelets is due to fewer degenerated spikelets, resulting in a higher GN. Genome-wide association studies identified 49,994 significant SNPs, grouped into 293 genomic regions. The accumulation of favorable alleles in these genomic regions indicates the genetic basis for modification in spike morphology traits. Genetic network analysis of these genomic regions reveals the genetic basis for phenotypic correlations among spike morphology traits. The haplotypes of the identified genomic regions display obvious geographical differentiation in global accessions and environmental adaptation over the past 120 years. In summary, we reveal the genetic basis of adaptive evolution and the interactions of spike morphology, offering valuable resources for the genetic improvement of spike morphology to enhance environmental adaptation.
Text in English
0140-7791 1365-3040 (Online)
https://doi.org/10.1111/pce.15117
Evolution
Genetics
Grain
Yields
Genome-wide association studies
Wheat
Breeding
Spikes
Genomic insights into the modifications of spike morphology traits during wheat breeding - Oxford (United Kingdom) : John Wiley & Sons Ltd., 2024.
Peer review Early View Open Access
Over the past century, environmental changes have significantly impacted wheat spike morphology, crucial for adaptation and grain yield. However, the changes in wheat spike modifications during this period remain largely unknown. This study examines 16 spike morphology traits in 830 accessions released from 1900 to 2020. It finds that spike weight, grain number per spike (GN), and thousand kernel weight have significantly increased, while spike length has no significant change. The increase in fertile spikelets is due to fewer degenerated spikelets, resulting in a higher GN. Genome-wide association studies identified 49,994 significant SNPs, grouped into 293 genomic regions. The accumulation of favorable alleles in these genomic regions indicates the genetic basis for modification in spike morphology traits. Genetic network analysis of these genomic regions reveals the genetic basis for phenotypic correlations among spike morphology traits. The haplotypes of the identified genomic regions display obvious geographical differentiation in global accessions and environmental adaptation over the past 120 years. In summary, we reveal the genetic basis of adaptive evolution and the interactions of spike morphology, offering valuable resources for the genetic improvement of spike morphology to enhance environmental adaptation.
Text in English
0140-7791 1365-3040 (Online)
https://doi.org/10.1111/pce.15117
Evolution
Genetics
Grain
Yields
Genome-wide association studies
Wheat
Breeding
Spikes