Cropping system options in No/reduced till - Surface residue managed systems
Singh, U.P.
Cropping system options in No/reduced till - Surface residue managed systems - New Delhi (India) : CASA, 2005. - 7 pages - Printed
Zero till is one of the feasible options among the resource conserving technologies (RCT) for advancing the wheat sowing. Direct seeded rice (DSR), unpuddled transplanted rice (UTR), surface seeding (SS) and raised bed planting system (BP) are the other RCT options to optimize the natural resources and inputs for the sustainability of RW cropping system and crop diversification in the eastern region. In this paper an attempt has been made to summarize the result of multi location trials under different thematic areas of tillage and crop establishment/cropping system. The studies have shown that timely crop establishment enhances crop productivity and input use efficiency in rice, wheat, maize, lentil and pigeon pea. It has been found that zero-till technology benefitted the eastern farmers more in terms of higher productivity gains and larger reductions in cost of cultivation. It is for this reason the resource poor, small and marginal farmers of the eastern Gangetic plains have begun adopting resource conserving technologies now. It was observed that benefits of zero-till technology can be further improved by introducing paired-row planting, controlled traffic, single basal deep placement of N (80% of recommended dose and balance 20% on need base using leaf colour charts, LCC), and leaving some crop residues to cover the soil surface. Results of farmer participatory field trials have been very encouraging in effecting a shift from the conventional puddled transplanted rice to unpuddled transplanted rice or direct dry or wet seeded rice in unpuddled soils as potential options for saving in irrigation water and cutting back the cost of cultivation. Zero-till seeding practice has led to improvement in productivity of lentil in low-lying areas of eastern Gangetic plains. Zero-till planting of crop mixtures (crop choices) when based on past flood events (dates, duration and intensity of floods), proved helpful in minimizing risks of floods to farmers and ensure some income during the season. Single basal, deep placement of fertilizer nutrients is likely to improve input use in eastern Gangetic plains (input use not possible otherwise in solis submerged to variable depths). Leaf color charts saved 13-17 percent N and farmers are adopting this practice. Bed planting system has promoted of more innovative cropping systems (e.g. surgarcane + wheat/chickpea/Indian mustard in north-west; and rice-potato/winter maize/boro rice in eastern Gangetic plains).
Text in English
Cropping systems
Zero tillage
Wheat
Rice
Plant establishment
Cropping system options in No/reduced till - Surface residue managed systems - New Delhi (India) : CASA, 2005. - 7 pages - Printed
Zero till is one of the feasible options among the resource conserving technologies (RCT) for advancing the wheat sowing. Direct seeded rice (DSR), unpuddled transplanted rice (UTR), surface seeding (SS) and raised bed planting system (BP) are the other RCT options to optimize the natural resources and inputs for the sustainability of RW cropping system and crop diversification in the eastern region. In this paper an attempt has been made to summarize the result of multi location trials under different thematic areas of tillage and crop establishment/cropping system. The studies have shown that timely crop establishment enhances crop productivity and input use efficiency in rice, wheat, maize, lentil and pigeon pea. It has been found that zero-till technology benefitted the eastern farmers more in terms of higher productivity gains and larger reductions in cost of cultivation. It is for this reason the resource poor, small and marginal farmers of the eastern Gangetic plains have begun adopting resource conserving technologies now. It was observed that benefits of zero-till technology can be further improved by introducing paired-row planting, controlled traffic, single basal deep placement of N (80% of recommended dose and balance 20% on need base using leaf colour charts, LCC), and leaving some crop residues to cover the soil surface. Results of farmer participatory field trials have been very encouraging in effecting a shift from the conventional puddled transplanted rice to unpuddled transplanted rice or direct dry or wet seeded rice in unpuddled soils as potential options for saving in irrigation water and cutting back the cost of cultivation. Zero-till seeding practice has led to improvement in productivity of lentil in low-lying areas of eastern Gangetic plains. Zero-till planting of crop mixtures (crop choices) when based on past flood events (dates, duration and intensity of floods), proved helpful in minimizing risks of floods to farmers and ensure some income during the season. Single basal, deep placement of fertilizer nutrients is likely to improve input use in eastern Gangetic plains (input use not possible otherwise in solis submerged to variable depths). Leaf color charts saved 13-17 percent N and farmers are adopting this practice. Bed planting system has promoted of more innovative cropping systems (e.g. surgarcane + wheat/chickpea/Indian mustard in north-west; and rice-potato/winter maize/boro rice in eastern Gangetic plains).
Text in English
Cropping systems
Zero tillage
Wheat
Rice
Plant establishment