Open Access

Bangladesh is among the most climate-vulnerable countries in the world due to its low-lying deltaic geography, dense population, and heavy reliance on agriculture. Despite contributing less than 0.5% of global greenhouse gas emissions, the country faces severe threats from rising sea levels, salinity intrusion, cyclones, floods, excessive temperature, and droughts. These risks jeopardize food security, livelihoods, and economic growth. Over the past two decades, Bangladesh has developed an extensive policy architecture to address these challenges. Key frameworks include the National Adaptation Plan (NAP 2023–2050), Mujib Climate Prosperity Plan (MCPP 2022–2041), Bangladesh Climate Change Strategy and Action Plan (BCCSAP), and the Bangladesh Delta Plan 2100 (BDP2100), National Determined Contribution (NDC). Together, they provide strategic direction for adaptation, resilience-building, and a gradual shift towards low-carbon development. In FY 2025–26, about BDT 42,206.89 crore (≈10.09% f the national budget, 0.75% of GDP) was allocated to climate-related spending across 25 ministries, reflecting progress in mainstreaming climate priorities into national planning. The inventory conducted for this study identified 58 active national initiatives (Policies, strategic plans, actions plan, programs and projects) directly related to climate adaptation and mitigation. The analysis revealed a strong emphasis on adaptation, particularly disaster risk reduction, agriculture resilience, and community-based interventions. Mitigation, while increasingly recognized, remains underfunded and less embedded in programmatic implementation, especially in renewable energy and low-carbon transitions.

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Sumona Shahrin : Not in IRS staff list but CIMMYT Affiliation

Wais Kabir : Not in IRS staff list but CIMMYT Affiliation

Scaling for Impact CGIAR Trust Fund Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research (ACIAR)